Hendra Virus Re-visited

作     者：Hume Field 

作者机构：Dept Primary Industries and FisheriesQueenslandAustralia & Australian Biosecurity Cooperative Research Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases 

出 版 物：《Virologica Sinica》 (中国病毒学（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2009年第24卷第2期

页      面：105-109页

核心收录：

学科分类：0710[理学-生物学] 1007[医学-药学(可授医学、理学学位)] 100705[医学-微生物与生化药学] 1002[医学-临床医学] 1001[医学-基础医学(可授医学、理学学位)] 07[理学] 071005[理学-微生物学] 10[医学] 

主　　题：Hendra virus Bats Zoonoses Emergence Epidemiology 

摘      要：Hendra virus,a novel member of the family Paramyxovirus that has emerged from bats in Australia,causes fatal disease in livestock and humans. Eleven spillover events have been identified since the first description of the virus in 1994,resulting in a total of 37 equine cases and six human cases. All human cases have been attributed to exposure to infected horses;there is no evidence of bat-to-human or human-to-human transmission. Low infectivity and a high case fatality rate are features of Hendra virus infection in both horses and humans. The temporal pattern of spillover events suggests seasonal factors(plausibly be environmental,biological or ecological) as the proximate triggers for spillover. Minimisation of the future occurrence and impact of Hendra virus infections requires an understanding of the ecology of flying foxes,of virus infection dynamics in flying foxes,and of the factors that promote spillover. Management strategies seek to minimize the opportunity for effective contact between bats and horses,and limit potential horse-to-horse and horse-to-human transmission. Incomplete knowledge of the ecology of the virus,of the proximate factors associated with spillover,and the inherent difficulties of effectively managing wild populations,preclude a management approach targeted at bats.