Inherently safer reactors and procedures to prevent reaction runaway

作     者：Yi Fei Bing Sun Fan Zhang Wei Xu Ning Shi Jie Jiang 

作者机构：Research Institute of Safety EngineeringSINOPECState Key Laboratory of Safety and Control for Chemicals School of Chemical EngineeringChina University of Petroleum(East China) 

出 版 物：《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 (中国化学工程学报（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2018年第26卷第6期

页      面：1252-1263页

核心收录：

学科分类：0710[理学-生物学] 080706[工学-化工过程机械] 0830[工学-环境科学与工程（可授工学、理学、农学学位）] 08[工学] 0817[工学-化学工程与技术] 0807[工学-动力工程及工程热物理] 0703[理学-化学] 

基　　金：Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFB0301701) 

主　　题：反应堆设计 安全 严重事故 化学工业 风险评价 热管理 fac 

摘      要：Reaction runaway has longtime been an issue in chemical industry as it often leads to severe accidents if not controlled and inhibited properly.Herein we have reviewed several key considerations and procedures to prevent such phenomena,including inherently safer reactor design,thermal risk assessment and early warning detection of runaway,and pointed out that the basic principle underlying is necessary heat management and construction of resilient processes.For inherently safer reactor design,important factors such as heat removal,heat capacitance,flow behaviors and explosive behaviors have been investigated.The survey shows that heat exchanger(HEX) reactor and microreactor outperform traditional reactors.Meanwhile,we have looked into the effect of thermal risk ranking and safety operation region determining for thermal risk assessment,and the influence of runaway criteria and construction methods for early detection of reaction runaway as well.It shows that thermal risk assessment plays a key role on process design,and early warning detection system(EWDS) is preferable on prevention of reaction runaway.In the end,perspectives regarding inherently safer designs with the measures discussed above have been provided.