On the ENSO Mechanisms

作     者：Chunzai Wang 

作者机构：Physical Oceanography DivisionNOAA Atiantic Oceanographic and Meteorological LaboratoryMiamiFloridaU.S.A. 

出 版 物：《Advances in Atmospheric Sciences》 (大气科学进展（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2001年第18卷第5期

页      面：674-691页

核心收录：

学科分类：07[理学] 0706[理学-大气科学] 0816[工学-测绘科学与技术] 0825[工学-航空宇航科学与技术] 

基　　金：supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA)Office of Global Programs(CLIVAR-Pacific Program) by the base funding of NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorologi cal Laboratory. 

主　　题：El Nino-Southern Oscillation Ocean-atmosphere interactions ENSO theory Climate varisbility 

摘      要：The El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is an interannual phenomenon involved in the tropical Paci- fic Ocean-atmosphere interactions. The oscillatory nature of ENSO requires both positive and negative ocean-atmosphere feedbacks. The positive feedback is dated back to Bjerknes hypothesis in the 1960s, and different negative feedbacks have been proposed since the 1980s associated with the delayed oscillator, the western Pacific oscillator, the recharge-discharge oscillator, and the advective-reflective oscillator. The de- layed oscillator assumes that wave reflection at the western boundary provides a negative feedback for the coupled system to oscillate. The western Pacific oscillator emphasizes equatorial wind in the western Pacific that provides a negative feedback for the coupled system. The recharge-discharge oscillator argues that discharge and recharge of equatorial heat content cause the coupled system to oscillate. The advective-re- flective oscillator emphasizes the importance of zonal advection associated with wave reflection at both the western and eastern boundaries. All of these physics are summarized in a unificd ENSO oscillator. The de- layed oscillator, the western Pacific oscillator, the recharge-discharge oscillator, and the advective-reflec- tive oscillator can be extracted as special cases of the unified oscillator. As suggested by this unified oscillator, all of the previnus ENSO oscillator mechanisms may be operating in nature.