Pulmonary toxicity induced by three forms of titanium dioxide nanoparticles via intra-tracheal instillation in rats
Pulmonary toxicity induced by three forms of titanium dioxide nanoparticles via intra-tracheal instillation in rats作者机构：[a]School of Public Health Southeast University Nanjing 210009 China
出 版 物：《Progress in Natural Science:Materials International》 (自然科学进展·国际材料(英文))
年 卷 期：2009年第19卷第5期
页 面：573-579页
核心收录：
学科分类：100405[医学-卫生毒理学] 1004[医学-公共卫生与预防医学(可授医学、理学学位)] 10[医学]
基 金：supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2006CB705602)
主 题：Titanium dioxide particles Nanoparticles Pulmonary toxicity Intra-tracheal instillation
摘 要：Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles are in wide commercial use worldwide. To evaluate if acute pulmonary toxicity can be induced by nano-TiO2 particles, rats were intra-tracheally instilled with 0.5, 5, or 50 mg/kg of 5, 21, and 50 nm TiO2 primary particles. Toxic effects were determined with the coefficients of lung tissues to body weight, histopathology, biochemical parameters of blood, activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and acid phosphatase (ACP) in tissues, and the phagocytotic ability of alveolar macrophages (AMs). All the indicators were observed in sacrificed rats one week post-exposure. There was a significant difference of coefficients of pulmonary tissues between the high-dose group and the low-or moderate-dose groups with an exposure of 5 nm TiO2. At the same time, 5 nm TiO2 primary particles increased the activity of LDH and ALP when exposure dose was 5 mg/kg. A significant difference in LDH and ALP activity was observed between the 50 mg/kg group and 0.5 or 5 mg/kg group with exposure of 5 nm TiO2. Lung tissues showed increased ALP activity only if treated with 5 and 50 mg/kg of 21 nm TiO2 particles. There was no significant difference in LDH and ALP activity in the 50 nm TiO2 group and control group. Histo-pathologic examination of lung tissues indicated that the pulmonary response to exposure to TiO2 particles in rats manifested as dose-dependent inflammatory lesions, which mainly consisted of inflltration of inflammatory cells and interstitial thickening. Analysis of uptake of neutral red dye showed that 50 nm TiO2 particles significantly increased phagocytotic ability of AMs compared with controls (P0.05), whereas exposure with 5 nm TiO2 reduced the phagocytotic ability of AMs when the exposure dose was 50 mg/kg. These results suggest that particle size and exposure dose may have important roles in pulmonary toxicity. The toxic effect of TiO2 nanopar-ticles in lung tissue exhibited a dose-response relationship. A
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