Exosomes: a novel therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease?

作     者：Zhi-You Cai Ming Xiao Sohel H.Quazi Zun-Yu Ke 

作者机构：Department of Neurology Chongqing General Hospital Department of Anatomy Nanjing Medical University Department of Biological and Health Sciences Texas A & M University-Kingsville Department of Neurology Renmin Hospital Hubei University of Medicine 

出 版 物：《Neural Regeneration Research》 (中国神经再生研究（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2018年第13卷第5期

页      面：930-935页

核心收录：

学科分类：0710[理学-生物学] 1002[医学-临床医学] 1001[医学-基础医学(可授医学、理学学位)] 100203[医学-老年医学] 10[医学] 

基　　金：financially supported by the Health and Family Planning Scientific Research Project of Hubei Province of China No.WJ2015MB219 

主　　题：nerve regeneration microvesicle beta-amyloid tau neuroinflammation oxidative stress therapeutic target neurodegeneration dementia neural regeneration 

摘      要：Extracellular exosomes are formed inside the cytoplasm of cells in compartments known as multivesicular bodies. Thus, exosomes contain cytoplasmic content. Multivesicular bodies fuse with the plasma membrane and release exosomes into the extracellular environment. Comprehensive research suggests that exosomes act as both inflammatory intermediaries and critical inducers of oxidative stress to drive progression of Alzheimer＇s disease. An important role of exosomes in Alzheimer＇s disease includes the formation of neurofibrillary tangles and beta-amyloid production, clearance, and accumulation. In addition, exosomes are involved in neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, which both act as triggers for beta-amyloid pathogenesis and tau hyperphosphorylation. Further, it has been shown that exosomes are strongly associated with beta-amyloid clearance. Thus, effective measures for regulating exosome metabolism may be novel drug targets for Alzheimer＇s disease.