The Role of Exportin-5 in MicroRNA Biogenesis and Cancer

作     者：Ke Wu Juan He Wenchen Pu Yong Peng 

作者机构：Department of Thoracic Surgery State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital Sichuan University 

出 版 物：《Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics》 (基因组蛋白质组与生物信息学报（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2018年第16卷第2期

页      面：120-126页

核心收录：

学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 100214[医学-肿瘤学] 10[医学] 

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.81572739 and 81772960) 

主　　题：Exportin-5 MicroRNA Biogenesis Dysregulation Cancer 

摘      要：MicroRNAs （miRNAs） are conserved small non-coding RNAs that play an important role in the regulation of gene expression and participate in a variety of biological processes. The biogenesis of miRNAs is tightly controlled at multiple steps, such as transcription of miRNA genes, processing by Drosha and Dicer, and transportation of precursor miRNAs （pre-miRNAs） from the nucleus to the cytoplasm by exportin-5 （XPO5）. Given the critical role of nuclear export of premiRNAs in miRNA biogenesis, any alterations of XPO5, resulting from either genetic mutation, epigenetic change, abnormal expression level or posttranslational modification, could affect miRNA expression and thus have profound effects on tumorigenesis. Importantly, XPO5 phosphorylation by ERK kinase and its cis/trans isomerization by the prolyl isomerase Pinl impair XPO5＇s nucleo-to-cytoplasmic transport ability of pre-miRNAs, leading to downregulation of mature miRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma. In this review, we focus on how XPO5 transports pre-miRNAs in the cells and summarize the dysregnlation of XPO5 in human tumors.