Spatial memory enhances the evacuation efficiency of virtual pedestrians under poor visibility condition

作     者：Yi Ma Eric Wai Ming Lee Meng Shi Richard Kwok Kit Yuen 马毅;李伟民;施朦;袁国杰

作者机构：Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction Sichuan University Chengdu 610207 China Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong China 

出 版 物：《Chinese Physics B》 (中国物理B（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2018年第27卷第3期

页      面：560-567页

核心收录：

学科分类：03[法学] 08[工学] 0837[工学-安全科学与工程] 0838[工学-公安技术] 0306[法学-公安学] 

基　　金：Project supported by the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region China(Grant No.11203615) 

主　　题：crowd evacuation memory visibility social force model 

摘      要：Spatial memory is a critical navigation support tool for disoriented evacuees during evacuation under adverse environ-mental conditions such as dark or smoky conditions. Owing to the complexity of memory, it is challenging to understand the effect of spatial memory on pedestrian evacuation quantitatively. In this study, we propose a simple method to quan- titatively represent the evacuee＇s spatial memory about the emergency exit, model the evacuation of pedestrians under the guidance of the spatial memory, and investigate the effect of the evacuee＇s spatial memory on the evacuation from theoretical and physical perspectives. The result shows that （i） a good memory can significantly assist the evacuation of pedestrians under poor visibility conditions, and the evacuation can always succeed when the degree of the memory exceeds a threshold （φ〉 0.5）; （ii） the effect of memory is superior to that of ＂follow-the-crowd＂ under the same environmental conditions; （iii） in the case of multiple exits, the difference in the degree of the memory between evacuees has a significant effect （the greater the difference, the faster the evacuation） for the evacuation under poor visibility conditions. Our study provides a new quantitative insight into the effect of spatial memory on crowd evacuation under poor visibility conditions.