Empathy in Rudyard Kipling＇s Jungle Books, Mirrored in Illustrations by John Lockwood Kipling and Aldren Watson

作     者：Norman Arthur Fischer 

作者机构：Kent State University (Retired) Kent Ohio USA 

出 版 物：《Journal of Literature and Art Studies》 (文学与艺术研究（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2018年第8卷第1期

页      面：1-31页

学科分类：0501[文学-中国语言文学] 05[文学] 050101[文学-文艺学] 

主　　题：Jungle Books Rudyard Kipling John Lockwood Kipling Arne Naess Ernest Thompson Seton Aldren Watson Wilhelm Worringer empathy for animals expressionism 

摘      要：Rudyard Kipling＇s Jungle Boobs depict empathy in the animal and animal-human world, and the illustrations of Rudyard＇s father, John Lockwood Kipling, and the American artist and prolific illustrator, Aldren Watson, help depict that empathy. Lockwood Kipling was both influence on and interpreter of the Jungle Books, as shown above all in the development from his Beast andMan in lndia of 1891 through his illustrations for the 1894 Jungle Book, and 1895 Second Jungle Book, to his illustrations that appear in the rearranged stories of The Jungle Book, and Second Jungle Book in the 1897 Scribners Outward Bound （O/B） editions. A variation on Lockwood＇s O/B mode of Jungle Books illustrations is found in Watson＇s illustrations for the 1948 Doubleday edition, Jungle Boobs, which is the title I will use throughout.1 Part One details the influence of two animal empathy writers, Lockwood Kipling and Ernest Thompson Seton, on the Jungle Books. Part Two uses recent philosophical studies of empathy in the animal and human relationship. Part Three applies a German philosophy of art history to the new look of the O/B and Doubleday Jungle Books. Part Four interprets selected Jungle Books stories in the light of Parts one, two and three.