Determination of 4-nonylphenol and 4-tert-octylphenol compounds in various types of wastewater and their removal rates in different treatment processes in nine wastewater treatment plants of Iran

作     者：Bijan Bina Farzaneh Mohammadi Mohammad Mehdi Amin Hamid Reza Pourzamani Zeynab Yavari 

作者机构：Environment Research CenterSchool of HealthIsfahan University of Medical Sciences Student Research CenterSchool of HealthIsfahan University of Medical Sciences 

出 版 物：《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 (中国化学工程学报（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2018年第26卷第1期

页      面：183-190页

核心收录：

学科分类：083002[工学-环境工程] 0830[工学-环境科学与工程（可授工学、理学、农学学位）] 081704[工学-应用化学] 08[工学] 0817[工学-化学工程与技术] 081701[工学-化学工程] 

基　　金：Vice Chancellery of Research of IUMS for the financial support Research Project #394773 

主　　题：Alkylphenols DLLME Full scale WWTP Biodegradation Adsorption 

摘      要：Alkylphenols(APs), considered as xenoestrogenic compounds, mainly exist as 4-nonylphenol(4-NP) and 4-tertoctylphenol(4-t-OP) in environments. The high stability and accumulation of APs in aquatic systems have caused endocrine disruption. In this study we measured APs in the wastewater influent and effluent samples, from the urban, rural, livestock, commercial and hospital wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs) in Iran. Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction(DLLME) combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry(GC–MS) was used for the extraction and determination of 4-NP and 4-t-OP. In these treatment plants, various processes such as activated sludge, aerated lagoon, moving bed biofilm reactor and activated sludge along with wetland were applied. The highest concentration of 4-NP and 4-t-OP was observed in commercial and livestock sewages. The activated sludge along with wetland and then the MBBR process showed the highest removal rates of pollutants. The rates of biodegradability and accumulation in sludge were determined and also the specific adsorption coefficient Kdand the organic carbon–water partition coefficient kOCof the sludge for APs were calculated.