Neuroprotective effects of erythropoietin on neurodegenerative and ischemic brain diseases: the role of erythropoietin receptor

作     者：Carolina Castillo Hernández Carlos Felipe Burgos Angela Hidalgo Gajardo Tiare Silva-Grecchi Javiera Gavilan Jorge Roberto Toledo Jorge Fuentealba 

作者机构：Laboratory of Screening of Neuroactive Compounds Department of Physiology School of Biological Sciences University of Concepción Laboratory of Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutical Department of Pathophysiology School of Biological Sciences University of Concepción 

出 版 物：《Neural Regeneration Research》 (中国神经再生研究（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2017年第12卷第9期

页      面：1381-1389页

核心收录：

学科分类：0710[理学-生物学] 1002[医学-临床医学] 1001[医学-基础医学(可授医学、理学学位)] 100204[医学-神经病学] 10[医学] 

基　　金：supported by the Innova Proyect,No.13IDL218688 Fondecyt Proyect,No.1130747,1161078 PhD CONICYT Grant,No.21130386 

主　　题：erythropoietin erythropoietin receptor neuroprotection anti-apoptosis Alzheimer＇s disease 

摘      要：Erythropoietin （Epo） is a fundamental hormone in the regulation of hematopoiesis, and other secondary roles mediated by the binding of the hormone to its specific receptor （EpoR）, which leads to an activation of key signaling pathways that induce an increase in cell differentiation, apoptosis control and neuroprotection. It has been suggested that their ftmction depends on final conformation of glycosylations, related with affinity to the receptor and its half-life. The presence of EpoR has been reported in different tissues including central nervous system, where it has been demonstrated to exert a neuroprotective function against oxidative stress conditions, such as ischemic injury and neurodegenerative diseases. There is also evidence of an increase in EpoR expression in brain cell lysates of Alzheimer＇s patients with respect to healthy patients. These results are related with extensive in vitro experimental data of neuroprotection obtained from cell lines, primary cell cultures and hippocampal slices. Additionally, this data is correlated with in vivo experiments （water maze test） in mouse models of Alzheimer＇s disease where Epo treatment improved cognitive function. These stud- ies support the idea that receptor activation induces a neuroprotective effect in neurodegenerative disorders including dementias, and especially Alzheimer＇s disease. Taken together, available evidence suggests that Epo appears to be a central element for EpoR activation and neuroprotective properties in the central nervous system. In this review, we will describe the mechanisms associated with neuroprotection and its relation with the activation of EpoR in order with identify new targets to develop pharmacological strategies.