WAPN:a distributed wormhole attack detection approach for wireless sensor networks

作     者：Fan-rui KONG Chun-wen LI Qing-qing DING Guang-zhao CUI Bing-yi CUI 

作者机构：Department of Automation. Tsinghua University Beijing 100084. China State Key Lab of Power Systems Departmet of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China State Key Lab of Informational Electric Apparatus in Henan Zhengzhou 450002 China Department of Phvsics Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China 

出 版 物：《Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering)》 (浙江大学学报（英文版）A辑（应用物理与工程）)

年 卷 期：2009年第10卷第2期

页      面：279-289页

核心收录：

学科分类：0810[工学-信息与通信工程] 08[工学] 0805[工学-材料科学与工程（可授工学、理学学位）] 081201[工学-计算机系统结构] 0812[工学-计算机科学与技术（可授工学、理学学位）] 

主　　题：无线个域网 无线传感器网络 虫洞攻击检测 安全防护 

摘      要：As the applications of wireless sensor networks(WSNs) diversify,providing secure communication is emerging as a critical requirement. In this paper,we investigate the detection of wormhole attack,a serious security issue for WSNs. Wormhole attack is difficult to detect and prevent,as it can work without compromising sensor nodes or breaching the encryption key. We present a wormhole attack detection approach based on the probability distribution of the neighboring-node-number,WAPN,which helps the sensor nodes to judge distributively whether a wormhole attack is taking place and whether they are in the in-fluencing area of the attack. WAPN can be easily implemented in resource-constrained WSNs without any additional requirements,such as node localization,tight synchronization,or directional antennas. WAPN uses the neighboring-node-number as the judging criterion,since a wormhole usually results in a significant increase of the neighboring-node-number due to the extra attacking link. Firstly,we model the distribution of the neighboring-node-number in the form of a Bernoulli distribution. Then the model is simplified to meet the sensor nodes constraints in computing and memory capacity. Finally,we propose a simple method to obtain the threshold number,which is used to detect the existence of a wormhole. Simulation results show that WAPN is effective under the conditions of different network topologies and wormhole parameters.