Practice and Thought on Developing Hybrid Rice for Super High Yield by Exploiting Inter-subspecific Heterosis

作     者：LuChuan-gen ZouJiang-shi Lu Chuan-gen, Zou Jiang-shi (Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China

作者机构：InstituteofFoodCropsJiangsuAcademyofAgriculturalSciencesNanjing210014China 

出 版 物：《Rice science》 (水稻科学（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2005年第12卷第1期

页      面：1-6页

学科分类：09[农学] 0901[农学-作物学] 

基　　金：China National High Technical Project(2003AA212040 2002AA 207001) 

主　　题：rice breeding intersubspecific hybrid plant type two-line approach 

摘      要：Since the breakthrough of grain yield owing to the development of dwarf rice and three-line system hybrid rice, rice breeding for high yield hardly had showed significant progress in the next successive two decades. It was considered that utilizing heterosis between subspecific varieties (Oryza sativa L.) would be an effective approach to increase yield further. During 1987-1993, an indica-japonica hybrid Yayou 2 yielded as high as 10.5 t/ha; however, it failed to be commercialized because of seed purity problem due to non-uniform emasculation by chemical agent in seed production, and sensitivity of seed setting in Ft plants to environmental conditions. In the past decade, two inter-subspeific hybrids, Liangyoupeijiu (Peiai 64S/9311, javanica/indica) and Liangyou E32 (Peiai 64S/E32, javanica/ laponica); both of them exhibited grain yield higher than 10.5 t/ha, and were widely judged as the pioneers of super hybrid rice. Liangyoupeijiu has been successfully popularized over 4 million hectare in wide climatic areas, while Liangyou E32 made a yield record and offered a model of plant ideotype for super hybrid rice. It was considered that in combination with plant ideotype, active physiological functions, and wide-range adaptability to ecological conditions, exploitation of indica-japonica heterosis would be the key approach for super hybrid rice breeding.