Parallel Comparison of the 1982/83,1997/98 and 2015/16 Super El Nios and Their Effects on the Extratropical Stratosphere

作     者：Jian RAO Rongcai REN 

作者机构：Key Laboratory of Meteorological DisasterMinistry of Education (KLME)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change (ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid DynamicsInstitute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences 

出 版 物：《Advances in Atmospheric Sciences》 (大气科学进展（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2017年第34卷第9期

页      面：1121-1133页

核心收录：

学科分类：07[理学] 070601[理学-气象学] 0706[理学-大气科学] 

基　　金：supported by the Startup Foundation for Introducing Talent of Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (Grant No. 2016r060) the National Key Research and Development Program (Grant No. 2016YFA0602104) the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41575041, 41430533 and 91437105) the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDA11010402) the China Meteorological Administration Special Public Welfare Research Fund (Grant No. GYHY201406001) 

主　　题：super El Nifio Pacific-North America (PNA) teleconnection stratosphere proceeding winter 

摘      要：This study uses multiple sea surface temperature （SST） datasets to perform a parallel comparison of three super El Nifios and their effects on the stratosphere. The results show that, different from ordinary El Nifios, warm SST anomalies appear earliest in the western tropical Pacific and precede the super El Nifio peak by more than 18 months. In the previous winter, relative to the mature phase of El Nifio, as a precursor, North Pacific Oscillation-like circulation anomalies are observed. A Pacific-North America （PNA） teleconnection appears in the extratropical troposphere during the mature phase, in spite of the subtle differences between the intensities, as well as the zonal position, of the PNA lobes. Related to the negative rainfall response over the tropical Indian Ocean, the PNA teleconnection in the winter of 1997/98 is the strongest among the three super El Nifios. The northern winter stratosphere shows large anomalies in the polar cap temperature and the circumpolar westerly, if the interferences from other factors are linearly filtered from the circulation data. Associated with the positive PNA response in a super El Nino winter, positive polar cap temperature anomalies and circumpolar easterly anomalies, though different in timing, are also observed in the mature winters of the three super El Nifios. The stratospheric polar vortex in the next winter relative to the 1982/83 and 1997/98 events is also anomalously weaker and warmer, and the stratospheric circulation conditions remain to be seen in the coming winter following the mature phase of the 2015/16 event.