Influence of different sports on fat mass and lean mass in growing girls

作     者：Esther Ubago-Guisado Esmeralda Mata Javier Sánchez-Sánchez María Plaza-Carmona María Martín-García Leonor Gallardo 

作者机构：IGOID Research Group University of Castilla-La Mancha Toledo 45071 Spain GENUD Toledo Research Group University of Castilla-La Mancha Toledo 45071 Spain School of Sport UCAM Universidad Catoica San Antonio Murcia 30107 Spain 

出 版 物：《Journal of Sport and Health Science》 (运动与健康科学（英文）)

年 卷 期：2017年第6卷第2期

页      面：213-218页

核心收录：

学科分类：0403[教育学-体育学] 040302[教育学-运动人体科学(可授教育学、理学、医学学位)] 04[教育学] 1002[医学-临床医学] 1010[医学-医学技术（可授医学、理学学位）] 

主　　题：运动员 体脂肪 肉质量 发育期 青春期 骨密度仪 预防方法 女孩 

摘      要：Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the effects of different sports(swimming, football, basketball, and handball) on fat mass and lean mass in prepubertal and pubertal girls.Methods: Two hundred girls(10.6 ± 1.5 years old, Tanner stages I–III) participated in the study and were divided into 5 groups: 40 swimmers, 40 football players, 40 basketball players, 40 handball players, and 40 controls. Fat and lean masses at whole body, arms, trunk, and legs were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA). Pubertal status was determined using Tanner test. Effects of different sports on fat and lean masses were assessed through analysis of covariance with height as covariates. Analyses were performed separately in 2 groups depending on the Tanner stage(prepubertal and pubertal).Results: The girls of the control group had less lean mass and more fat mass compared to the girls who play sports(p 0.05). There were differences in body fat between sports. The swimmers and football players had less body fat(p 0.05). On the other hand, handball players showed the highest values in lean mass(p 0.05).Conclusion: Impact sports(football, basketball, and handball) and low-impact sports(swimming) provide an appropriate development of lean mass in growing girls. We can conclude that people practicing sports at early ages ensure a lower fat mass and higher lean mass compared to those who do not practice. These results may be useful as a preventive method of adult obesity.