Imprinting in Plants and Its Underlying Mechanisms

作     者：Hongyu Zhang Abed Chaudhury Xianjun Wu 

作者机构：Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University P.O.and Village HazipurDt.MoulvibazarBangladesh 

出 版 物：《Journal of Genetics and Genomics》 (遗传学报（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2013年第40卷第5期

页      面：239-247页

核心收录：

学科分类：0710[理学-生物学] 07[理学] 09[农学] 071007[理学-遗传学] 0901[农学-作物学] 090102[农学-作物遗传育种] 

主　　题：DNA methylation Imprinting Polycomb group Endosperm Small RNA 

摘      要：Genomic imprinting（or imprinting） refers to an epigenetic phenomenon by which the allelic expression of a gene depends on the parent of *** has evolved independently in placental mammals and flowering *** plants,imprinting is mainly found in endosperm. Recent genome-wide surveys in Arabidopsis,rice,and maize identified hundreds of imprinted genes in *** these genes are of diverse functions,endosperm development is regulated at different regulatory *** imprinted expression of only a few genes is conserved between Arabidopsis and monocots,suggesting that imprinting evolved quickly during *** Arabidopsis,DEMETER （DME） mediates hypomethylation in the maternal genome at numerous loci（mainly transposons and repeats） in the central cell and results in many differentially methylated regions between parental genomes in the endosperm,and subsequent imprinted expression of some *** addition,histone modification mediated by Polycomb group（PcG） proteins is also involved in regulating ***-induced hypomethylated alleles in the central cell are considered to produce small interfering RNAs（siRNAs） which are imported to the egg to reinforce DNA *** parallel,the activity of DME in the vegetative cell of the male gametophyte demethylates many regions which overlap with the demethylated regions in the central *** from the demethylated regions are hypothesized to be also transferred into sperm to reinforce DNA *** is partly the result of genome-wide epigenetic reprogramming in the central cell and vegetative cell and evolved under different selective pressures.