Immunological aspects of age-related diseases
Immunological aspects of age-related diseases作者机构：Department of Food Science and Nutrition Nagoya Woman’s University Department of Bacteriology Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
出 版 物：《World Journal of Biological Chemistry》 (世界生物化学杂志（英文版）（电子版）)
年 卷 期：2017年第8卷第2期
页 面：129-137页
学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 100203[医学-老年医学] 10[医学]
主 题：Elderly people Damage associated molecular patterns Immune dysfunction Lymphoid lineage Myeloid lineage Shrinkage of thymus Cytomegalovirus Age-related tissue damage Cellular senescence Pro-inflammatory
摘 要：The proportion of elderly people rises in the developed countries. The increased susceptibility of the elderly to infectious diseases is caused by immune dysfunction, especially T cell functional decline. Age-related hematopoietic stem cells deviate from lymphoid lineage to myeloid lineage. Thymus shrinks early in life, which is followed by the decline of na?ve T cells. T-cell receptor repertoire diversity declines by aging, which is caused by cytomegalovirus-driven T cell clonal expansion. Functional decline of B cell induces antibody affinity declines by aging. Many effector functions including phagocytosis of myeloid cells are down regulated by aging. The studies of aging of myeloid cells have some controversial results. Although M1 macrophages have been shown to be replaced by antiinflammatory(M2) macrophages by advanced age, many human studies showed that pro-inflammatory cytokines are elevated in older human. To solve this discrepancy here we divide age-related pathological changes into two categories. One is an aging of immune cell itself. Second is involvement of immune cells to age-related pathological changes. Cellular senescence and damaged cells in aged tissue recruit pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages, which produce pro-inflammatory cytokines and proceed to agerelated diseases. Underlying biochemical and metabolic studies will open nutritional treatment.
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