Hydro-meteorological characteristics of Chitral River basin at the peak of the Hindukush range
Hydro-meteorological characteristics of Chitral River basin at the peak of the Hindukush range作者机构：Department of Agriculture Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan Pakistan Department of Agronomy University of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan Department of Biotechnology Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan Pakistan Department of Environmental Sciences Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan Pakistan Department of Environmental Sciences University of Peshawar Peshawar Pakistan Regional Meteorological Centre Peshawar Pakistan
出 版 物：《Natural Science》 (自然科学期刊（英文）)
年 卷 期：2013年第5卷第9期
页 面：987-992页
学科分类：07[理学] 070601[理学-气象学] 0706[理学-大气科学]
主 题：Mean Maximum Temperature Mean Rainfall River Discharge Climate Change Chitral
摘 要：This paper presents the impact of mean maximum temperature on Chitral river basin situated at Chitral district and high altitude (6000 m) peaks of the Hindukush range under changing climate in Pakistan. The analysis of Chitral River as one of the tributary of Kabul River—the second largest river of Pakistan—revealed that change in temperature has a profound influence on the snow/glacial melt in comparison to the mean monthly rainfall. This is because the studied river is faded by the snow and glacial melt and receives a lot of snowfall from winter (DecFeb) to pre-monsoon (April-May). In monsoon period (Jul-Sep), 30% of the time the discharge rate remains above the mean while 60% of the time the discharge is less than the mean in the pre-monsoon (April-May) period. It means that 10% of the time the discharge is in reach of 300% to 900% of the mean flow, showing a rise in water yield and river discharge rate due to increase in mean monthly maximum temperature. Due to this significant increase (p 0.05), the glaciers start melting faster and disappear in early summer, hence, reducing their residency period to convert into ice. This shows the signals of changing climate transfer into hydrological changes in Pakistan. Our findings are important for agriculture, hydropower and water management sectors for future planning especially in dry season for sustainable food security and for operation of ydrological installations in the country.
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