Evaluation of rational use of antimicrobial agents in a Brazilian intensive care unit

作     者：Fabiana Xavier Cartaxo Salgado Tarquino Erastides Gavilanes Sanchez Noriberto Barbosa da Silva Hildeamo Bonifacio Oliveira Mauro Karnikowski Margo Gomes de Oliveira Karnikowski 

作者机构：Graduate Program in Health Sciences and TechnologiesUniversidade de BrasiliaBrasiliaBrazil Brazilian Federal District Department of HealthBrasiliaBrazil Universidade Catolica de BrasiliaBrasiliaBrazil Universidade do Rio Grande do NorteNatalBrazil 

出 版 物：《Health》 (健康（英文）)

年 卷 期：2014年第6卷第2期

页      面：188-194页

学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 100214[医学-肿瘤学] 10[医学] 

主　　题：Rational use of Antimicrobial Agents Intensive Care Unit Microbial Resistance 

摘      要：The present study sought to assess the rational use of antimicrobial agents in a Brazilian intensive care unit (ICU) and its association with antimicrobial resistance in elderly patients admitted to the unit. Results: Choice of empiric and sensitivity-guided therapy was inadequate in 80% and 59% of cases respectively. Inadequate antimicrobial therapy, whether empiric or sensitivity-guided, was positively correlated with bacterial resistance (r = 0.316;p = 0.001). Sensitivity testing revealed a 46.5% resistance rate to eight out of the ten most commonly used antibiotics. Multiple drug-resistant organisms were found in 40.8% of patients. A significant increase was observed in the number of multidrug-resistant samples between 2006/2007 and 2008 (r = 0.41, p = 0.006), (r = 0.598, p = 0.001), (r = 0.688, p = 0.00). Conclusion: We found a high rate of antibiotic misuse in the study sample. Inadequate therapy was correlated with resistance to antimicrobial agents.