The International Union of Forest Research Organizations （IUFRO） and Debates About Forest-Water Relations During the Late 19th Century

作     者：Christian Lotz 

作者机构：Herder Institute for Historical Research on East Central Europe Germany 

出 版 物：《History Research》 (历史研究（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2017年第7卷第1期

页      面：1-19页

学科分类：06[历史学] 

主　　题：international organizations intemational congresses forest ecology deforestation paradigm maps 

摘      要：Examining the International Union of Forest Research Organizations （IUFRO） and its research on forest-water relations, the article investigates the relation between scientific internationalism and national expertise. It juxtaposes existing arguments regarding the paradigmatic character of 19th century arguments about deforestations. In particular, in 1999, Christian Pfister and Daniel Br^indli argued that, in Switzerland during the second half of the 19th century, forestry administrators forged an argument that deforestations in mountainous regions lead to floods in the valleys. As this argument helped to install new Swiss forest legislation in 1876, forbidding deforestations in the mountains, Pfister and Brandli called it a ＂deforestation paradigm＂. In contrast, sources of the IUFRO provide a different picture. At IUFRO meetings, i.e., at the international level of debate, no such paradigm existed. Instead, IUFRO participants discussed various conclusions that could be drawn fi＇om research on deforestations. Regarding the outcome of IUFRO projects, participants reported partly in opposing ways about the results of the research projects in forestry journals in their respective countries. Exploring these reports, the article provides an explanation for these different national representations of international research projects.