The role of exosomes in peripheral nerve regeneration

作     者：Rosanna C.Ching Paul J.Kingham 

作者机构：Department of Integrative Medical BiologyUmea University Department of Surgical & Perioperative SciencesUmea University 

出 版 物：《Neural Regeneration Research》 (中国神经再生研究（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2015年第10卷第5期

页      面：743-747页

核心收录：

学科分类：0710[理学-生物学] 1002[医学-临床医学] 1001[医学-基础医学(可授医学、理学学位)] 100204[医学-神经病学] 10[医学] 

基　　金：supported by grants from the Swedish Research Council European Union and Umea University(Insamlingsstiftelsen) 

主　　题：axonal regeneration exosome extracellular vesicle microRNA microvesicle nerve gap neurite outgrowth peripheral nerve injury Schwann cell stem cell 

摘      要：Peripheral nerve injuries remain problematic to treat, with poor functional recovery commonly observed. Injuries resulting in a nerve gap create specific difficulties for axonal regeneration. Approaches to address these difficulties include autologous nerve grafts （which are currently the gold standard treatment） and synthetic conduits, with the latter option being able to be im- pregnated with Schwann cells or stem cells which provide an appropriate micro-environment for neuronal regeneration to occur. Transplanting stem cells, however, infers additional risk of malignant transformation as well as manufacturing difficulties and ethical concerns, and the use of autologous nerve grafts and Schwann ceils requires the sacrifice of a functioning nerve. A new approach utilizing exosomes, secreted extracellular vesicles, could avoid these complications. In this review, we summarize the current literature on exosomes, and suggest how they could help to improve axonal regeneration following peripheral nerve injury.