一氧化氮研究三十年:自优而劣（英文）

作     者：Paul M.VANHOUTTE 

作者机构：State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Pharmacology and PharmacyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Hong KongHong KongChina 

出 版 物：《中国药理学与毒理学杂志》 (Chinese Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology)

年 卷 期：2016年第30卷第10期

页      面：999-1000页

核心收录：

学科分类：1001[医学-基础医学(可授医学、理学学位)] 100104[医学-病理学与病理生理学] 10[医学] 

主　　题：NOS GMP 

摘      要：In the last thirty years,it became over whelmingly apparent that the endothelium releases relaxing factors(EDRF),which diffuse to the underlying vascular smooth muscle cells and elicit endothelium-dependent *** best characterized EDRF is nitric oxide(NO)formed by endothelial NO synthase(e NOS).In the vascular smooth muscle cells,NO stimulates soluble guanylate cyclase which normally produces cyclic *** release by e NOS can be augmented by increases in shear stress or by activation of endothelial cell membrane receptors(*** response toα2-adrenergic agonists,serotonin,vasopressin,adenosine diphosphate and bradykinin).The ability of the endothelial cell to release NO can be up-regulated by estrogens,repeated increases in blood flow,exercise,diet(ω3-unsaturated fatty acids,polyphenols),and down-regulated by oxidative stress and increased presence of oxidized low density lipoproteins(LDL).The bioavailability of NO is curtailed by aging,smoking,environmental pollution or obesity and in hypertension and *** addition to lesser direct relaxation of the underlying vascular smooth muscle,a decreased release of NO also permits the production of vasoconstrictor prostanoids and/or *** endothelium-dependent relaxations can also be due to unresponsiveness of the vascular smooth muscle to ***,in coronary arteries,hypoxia and certain quinonescause acute augmentations of vasoconstrictor responses that depend on the presence of NO and the biased activation of soluble guanylate cyclase which produces cyclic IMP rather than cyclic *** hypoxia is implicated in exaggerated vasoconstrictions observed in coronary artery disease,the emerging role of this non-canonical cyclic nucleotide may help identifying novel therapeutic targets.