Profile of Radiotherapy Side Effects in Patients Treated for Breast Cancer in Cameroon: Case of the Douala General Hospital

作     者：Guea Ngbwa Ghislain Ruth Rosine Meka’h Mapenya Anne Marthe Maison Mayeh Sandjong Ngoudjou Maxwell Kenn Chi Ndi Samba Odette Ngano Guegang Goujou Emilienne Guea Ngbwa Ghislain;Ruth Rosine Meka’h Mapenya;Anne Marthe Maison Mayeh;Sandjong Ngoudjou Maxwell;Kenn Chi Ndi;Samba Odette Ngano;Guegang Goujou Emilienne

作者机构：Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon 

出 版 物：《Journal of Cancer Therapy》 (癌症治疗(英文))

年 卷 期：2025年第16卷第1期

页      面：51-61页

学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 100214[医学-肿瘤学] 10[医学] 

主　　题：Radiation Therapy Radiation-Induced Lesions Breast Cancer 

摘      要：Background: Conventional radiation therapy is a technique that uses ionizing radiation to destroy tumor cells. Along with surgery, chemotherapy, hormonotherapy and target therapy, it plays a crucial role in the management of breast cancer by reducing its overall mortality and recurrences. Methods: We conducted a retrospective and descriptive study by using the records of patients treated in the radiotherapy department of the Douala General Hospital from January 2015 to December 2019. Data concerning radiation-induced toxicities were collected using a pre-established and pre-tested survey and transferred to the CTCAE Version 4.0 software. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.0. Results: A total of 206 records were selected. The average age was 46.7 ± 8.2 years. The most represented histological type was invasive ductal carcinoma (n = 187, 90.7%). Multimodality treatment was used in every patient in our series with chemotherapy, surgery, and adjuvant radiation therapy (n = 88, 42.7%) been the most represented. More than half of the participants (n = 108, 52.4%) received a total dose 50 grays, only 89 (43.2%) received the classical fractionation of 2 grays/cession, and the average duration of radiation therapy was 36.8 ± 15.4 days. We encountered 155 (75.2%) side effects. There were more acute toxicities than late toxicities, at 115 (74.1%) versus 40 (25.8%). The main acute lesions were radiodermatitis (68.6%), breast pain (16.5%), radiation pneumonitis (12.2%), and acute pericarditis (2.6%). As late lesions, we identified radiodermatitis (52.5%), radiation pneumonitis (32.5%), and lymphoedema (15%). A total dose 50 grays [p 0.001, OR: 2.7 (1.58 - 4.9)], and conservative surgery [p = 0.04, OR: 2.3 (1.3 - 4.1)], seemed to increase the occurrence of early side effects on bivariate analysis. However, after multivariate logistic regression, only a total dose 50 grays [p = 0.005, OR: 2.1 (1.1 - 6.7)] remained a predictive factor associated to early side effe