西藏史前农业发展历史（英文）
作者机构：Group of Alpine Paleoecology and Human Adaptation (ALPHA) State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Resources and Environment (TPESRE) Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences National Centre for Archaeology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental Sciences Lanzhou University Key Scientific Research Base of Bioarchaeology in Cold and Arid Regions (Lanzhou University & Gansu Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology) NationalCultural Heritage Administration Tibetan Institute for the Preservation of Cultural Relics Zhejiang Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology
出 版 物：《Science Bulletin》 (科学通报(英文版))
年 卷 期：2024年第24期
页 面：3959-3967页
核心收录：
学科分类：06[历史学] 060207[历史学-专门史] 07[理学] 0712[理学-科学技术史(分学科，可授理学、工学、农学、医学学位)] 0602[历史学-中国史]
基 金：supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2021YFC1523600) the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41930323 & 42371171) Basic Science Center for Tibetan Plateau Earth System (BSCTPES, 41988101) the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(2022068) National Cultural Heritage Conservation Special Fund from National Cultural Heritage Administration, China
摘 要：The origin and spread of agriculture facilitated a decline in human mobility and eventually led to a predominantly sedentary lifestyle globally, including on the Tibetan Plateau. Previous studies have proposed an evolution of prehistoric agriculture, from millet-based to barley-based farming. However, details regarding the process are vague. Here, we present diachronic changes in cropping structure from Xizang on the basis of a quantitative analysis of archaeobotanical remains from 12 sites located in southeastern Xizang. The advent of agriculture in Xizang began in the southeastern region around 4800 cal a BP and resulted in a quick spread of millet agriculture from the Hengduan Mountains to the Yarlung Zangbo River region. Subsequently, the introduction of barley and wheat to Xizang led to the transformation of millet-based farming into mixed farming after 3600 cal a BP. Eventually, around 3000 cal a BP, barley and wheat dominated across the entire Xizang with declining occurrences of millet. It took more than600 years for barley and wheat to dominate in the Tibetan cropping system, which may reflect the time required for these exotic species to adapt physiologically to their new niche. In addition to the diachronic changes in crop farming, the ratio of barley to wheat and foxtail millet to broomcorn millet also varied at different elevations possibly due to local environmental variations and the crops physiological requirements.
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