Foregut tuberculosis:Too close but miles apart

作     者：Yumna Shahid Muhammad Aarish Anis Shahab Abid 

作者机构：Department of MedicineSection of GastroenterologyAga Khan University HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan Medical CollegeAga Khan University HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan 

出 版 物：《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 (世界临床病例杂志)

年 卷 期：2024年第12卷第32期

页      面：6517-6525页

学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 100201[医学-内科学(含：心血管病、血液病、呼吸系病、消化系病、内分泌与代谢病、肾病、风湿病、传染病)] 10[医学] 

主　　题：Foregut Tuberculosis Gastroduodenal Esophagogastroduodenoscopy Mycobacterium Caseating granulomas 

摘      要：The worldwide burden of tuberculosis(TB)has increased and it can involve virtually any organ of the *** TB accounts for about 2%of the cases of TB *** ileocecal region is the most commonly affected site,and the foregut is rarely *** reported incidence is approximately 0.5%.Esophageal TB presents with dysphagia,weight loss,and hematemesis in rare *** TB usually manifests with symptoms such as nausea,vomiting,weight loss,and sometimes with gastric outlet *** may reveal shallow ulcers in stomach and duodenal deformity when underlying TB is suspected,therefore histopathology plays pivotal *** computed tomography,duodenal TB typically manifests as duodenal strictures predominantly,accompanied by extrinsic compression,and occasionally as intraluminal *** their diagnosis can easily be missed if proper biopsies are not taken and samples are not sent for GeneXpert testing,TB polymerase chain reaction investigation and histopathological *** being in close proximity to the lungs,the esophagus and stomach are rare sites of *** reasons could be low gastric pH and acidity which does not let mycobacterium *** there are various case reports of TB involving the *** have summarized the rare cases of foregut TB in different sections and highlighted the importance of esophagogastroduodenoscopy,histopathology and advanced techniques like endoscopic ultrasound in establishing the diagnosis.