The chemical structures, biosynthesis, and biological activities of secondary metabolites from the culinary-medicinal mushrooms of the genus Hericium: a review
作者机构：Key Laboratory for Enzyme and Enzyme-Like Material Engineering of Heilongjiang College of Life Science Northeast Forestry University Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology College of Chemistry & Pharmacy Northwest A&F University Faculty of Agriculture Shizuoka University State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences
出 版 物：《Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines》 (中国天然药物(英文版))
年 卷 期：2024年第08期
页 面：676-698页
核心收录：
学科分类：1008[医学-中药学(可授医学、理学学位)] 0832[工学-食品科学与工程（可授工学、农学学位）] 1007[医学-药学(可授医学、理学学位)] 1006[医学-中西医结合] 08[工学] 083202[工学-粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程] 10[医学] 100602[医学-中西医结合临床]
基 金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31800031, 32370069, and U22A20369) the Key R&D Projects in Shaanxi Province of China(No. 2023-YBSF-164) China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No. 2019M653760)
摘 要：Fungal phytochemicals derived from higher fungi, particularly those from the culinary-medicinal genus Hericium, have gained significant attention in drug discovery and healthcare. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the chemical structures, biosynthetic pathways, biological activities, and pharmacological properties of monomeric compounds isolated from Hericium species. Over the past 34 years, 253 metabolites have been identified from various Hericium species, including cyathane diterpenes,alkaloids, benzofurans, chromenes, phenols, pyrones, steroids, and other miscellaneous compounds. Detailed investigations into the biosynthesis of erinacines, a type of cyathane diterpene, have led to the discovery of novel cyathane diterpenes. Extensive research has highlighted the biological activities and pharmacological properties of Hericium-derived compounds, with particular emphasis on their neuroprotective and neurotrophic effects, immunomodulatory capabilities, anti-cancer activity, antioxidant properties, and antimicrobial actions. Erinacine A, in particular, has been extensively studied. Genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic analyses of Hericium species have facilitated the discovery of new compounds and provided insights into enzymatic reactions through genome mining. The diverse chemical structures and biological activities of Hericium compounds underpin their potential applications in medicine and as dietary supplements. This review not only advances our understanding of Hericium compounds but also encourages further research into Hericium species within the realms of medicine, health, functional foods, and agricultural microbiology. The broad spectrum of compound types and their diverse biological activities present promising opportunities for the development of new pharmaceuticals and edible products.
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