Exploring the potential of extrachromosomal DNA as a novel oncogenic driver
作者机构：Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing) Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory Peking University Cancer Hospital &Institute Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Center Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute Department of Liver Surgery & Transplantation Liver Cancer Institute Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute
出 版 物：《Science China Life Sciences》 (中国科学:生命科学(英文版))
年 卷 期：2024年
核心收录：
学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 100214[医学-肿瘤学] 10[医学]
基 金：supported by the joint fund for key projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U20A20371, U23A20463) the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82203579, 82272889, 81972758, 82103528) the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing (7214215, 7222023) Science Foundation of Peking University Cancer Hospital (XKFZ2401, KC2403, JC202304)
摘 要：Extrachromosomal DNA(ecDNA) is a form of circular DNA mostly found in tumor cells. Unlike the typical chromosomal DNA, ecDNA is circular, self-replicating, and carries complete or partial gene fragments. Although ecDNA occurrence remains a rare event in cancer, recent studies have shown that oncogene amplification on ecDNA is widespread throughout many types of cancer, implying that ecDNA plays a central role in accelerating tumor evolution. ecDNA has also been associated with increased tumor mutation burden, chromosomal instability, and even tumor microenvironment remodeling. ecDNA may be crucial in influencing tumor heterogeneity, drug sensitivity,oncogenic senescence, and tumor immunogenicity, leading to a worsening prognosis for tumor patients. In this way, several clinical trials have been conducted to investigate the importance of ecDNA in clinical treatment. In this review, we summarize the biogenesis, characteristics, and current research methods of ecDNA, discuss the vital role of ecDNA-caused tumor heterogeneity in cancers, and highlight the potential role of ecDNA in cancer therapy.
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