3xidative phosphorylation versus glycolysis： what Fuel do spermatozoa use？

作     者：Stefan S du Plessis Ashok Agarwal Gayatri Mohanty Michelle van der Linde 

作者机构：Division of Medical Physiology Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Stellenbosch University Tygerberg South Africa Center for Reproductive Medicine Cleveland Clinic Cleveland Ohio USA Department of Zoology Ravenshaw University Cuttack Odisha India 

出 版 物：《Asian Journal of Andrology》 (亚洲男性学杂志（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2015年第17卷第2期

页      面：230-235,I0007,I0008页

核心收录：

学科分类：10[医学] 

主　　题：adenosine triphosphate energy glycolysis oxidative phosphorylation spermatozoa 

摘      要：Spermatozoa are highly specialized cells. Adenosine triphosphate （ATP）, which provides the energy for supporting the key functions of the spermatozoa, is formed by 2 metabolic pathways, namely glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation （OXPHOS）. It is produced in the mitochondria through OXPHOS as well as in the head and principal piece of the flagellum through glycolysis. However, there is a great discrepancy as to which method of ATP production is primarily utilized by the spermatozoa for successful fertilization. Mitochondrial respiration is considered to be a more efficient metabolic process for ATP synthesis in comparison to glycolysis. However, studies have shown that the diffusion potential of ATP from the mitochondria to the distal end of the flagellum is not sufficient to support sperm motility, suggesting that glycolysis in the tail region is the preferred pathway for energy production. It is suggested by many investigators that although glycolysis forms the major source of ATP along the flagellum, energy required for sperm motility is mainly produced during mitochondrial respiration. Nevertheless, some studies have shown that when glycolysis is inhibited, proper functioning and motility of spermatozoa remains intact although it is unclear whether such motility can be sustained for prolonged periods of time, or is sufficiently vigorous to achieve optimal fertilization. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of mammalian sperm energy metabolism and identify the preferred metabolic pathway for ATP generation which forms the basis of energy Droduction in human spermatozoa during fertilization.