Diet mediates the gut microbiome composition and assembly processes in infant and toddler populations

作     者：Shumin Wang Leilei Yu Fengwei Tian Wei Chen Qixiao Zhai 

作者机构：State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Jiangnan University School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food Jiangnan University 

出 版 物：《Food Science and Human Wellness》 (食品科学与人类健康(英文))

年 卷 期：2024年

核心收录：

学科分类：0832[工学-食品科学与工程（可授工学、农学学位）] 08[工学] 083201[工学-食品科学] 

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China No. 32122067 and 32021005 supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities JUSRP622013 

摘      要：Infancy and toddlerhood are critical phases of life， as the gut microbiota is established here， which influences current and future health. During this period， the microbiota was relatively less stable and highly responsive to environmental factors. Therefore， it is important to understand how dietary factors affect this complex stage of microbial assembly. The effect of feeding practices (breast milk/formula) on microbial colonization in early infancy has been actively studied; however， studies on the effect of diet on the gut microbiota during the complementary feeding period are sparse. The introduction of complementary foods provides abundant new dietary compounds for the gut microbiota， which induces a shift in gut microbiota and metabolism from milk-adapted toward a more mature and diverse adult-like community. Herein， we discuss the impact of dietary nutrients (carbohydrates， proteins， fats， vitamins， and minerals) on microbiome of infants and toddlers. Furthermore， this review summarizes the effects of complementary feeding patterns， specific foods (such as cereals; legumes and nuts; vegetables and fruits; meats; dairy products)， food additives， and malnutrition (undernutrition or overnutrition) on gut microbiota of this populations. These findings might deepen our comprehension of the complex interactions between diets and the development and establishment of the gut microbiota. This may facilitate the tailoring of interventions aimed at promoting beneficial modifications within the gut microbial community. Furthermore， the insights gained could inform the design and implementation of safe and efficacious complementary feeding practices.