New materials of the steppe mammoth, Mammuthus trogontherii, with discussion on the origin and evolutionary patterns of mammoths

作     者：WEI GuangBiao HU SongMei YU KeFu HOU YaMei LI Xin JIN ChangZhu WANG Yuan ZHAO JianXin WANG WenHua 

作者机构：Chongqing Three Gorges Institute of PaleoanthropologyChina Three Gorges MuseumChongqing 400015China Chongqing Three Gorges Culture and Social Development Research InstituteChongqing Normal UniversityChongqing 400047China Shaanxi Provincial Institute of ArchaeologyXi’an 710054China South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China Chongqing Natural History MuseumChongqing 400013China Radiogenic Isotope LaboratoryCentre for Microscopy and Microanalysis(CMM)The University of QueenslandQld 4072Australia Production&Technology DepartmentStrip MineZalainuoer Coal Industry Co.Ltd.Manzhouli 021412China 

出 版 物：《Science China Earth Sciences》 (中国科学（地球科学英文版）)

年 卷 期：2010年第53卷第7期

页      面：956-963页

核心收录：

学科分类：07[理学] 08[工学] 

基　　金：supported by Key Knowledge Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Sci-ences (Grant No. KJCX2-YW-106) National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2006CB806400) 

主　　题：Mammuthus trogontherii Mammuthus sungari MSE allopatric speciation out of East Asia climate 

摘      要：Recently found materials indicate that the steppe mammoth, Mammuthus trogontherii, survived in northern China into the late Pleistocene. East Asia is the key area of mammoth evolution after the initial radiation of early forms out of Africa and into Eurasia at the beginning of the late Pliocene (c. 3.5–3.0 Ma). M. rumanus, M. meridionalis, M. trogontherii, and M. primige- nius probably formed a continuous and transitional evolutionary lineage within the pan-Eurasian mammoth radiation in East Asia. Each speciation event of the Eurasian mammoths was followed by a rapid and large-scale dispersal event: out of East Asia. Allopatric speciation is the main speciation pattern of Mammuthus. The climatic vacillation was severe and frequent in East Asia from the early part of early Pleistocene (c. 2.6 Ma) onward, which probably brought about successive speciation in East Asia and the subsequent dispersal of the mammoths.