Durable natural killer cell response after three doses of SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine in HIV-infected individuals

作     者：Xiaodong Yang Xiuwen Wang Xin Zhang Haifeng Ding Hu Wang Tao Huang Guanghui Zhang Junyi Duan Wei Xia Bin Su Cong Jin Hao Wu Tong Zhang 

作者机构：Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS ResearchSino-French Joint Laboratory for Research on Humoral Immune Response to HIV InfectionClinical and Research Center for Infectious DiseasesBeijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China National Center for AIDS/STD Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China Tian Yuan StudioBeijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China 

出 版 物：《Chinese Medical Journal》 (中华医学杂志（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2023年第136卷第24期

页      面：2948-2959页

核心收录：

学科分类：1004[医学-公共卫生与预防医学(可授医学、理学学位)] 1002[医学-临床医学] 100401[医学-流行病与卫生统计学] 10[医学] 

基　　金：supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82272319 and 82072271) Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.L222068) the High-Level Public Health Specialized Talents Project of Beijing Municipal Health Commission(Nos.2022-2-018 and 2022-1-007) the Climbing the peak(Dengfeng)Talent Training Program of Beijing Hospitals Authority(No.DFL20191701) the Beijing Health Technologies Promotion Program(No.BHTPP202002) Scientific Research Project of Beijing Youan Hospital-CCMU 2022(No.BJYAYY-YN-2022-18) Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research(No.BZ0089) 

主　　题：HIV SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine COVID-19 Omicron variant NK cell response Immunologic memory 

摘      要：Background:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)vaccine can induce a potent cellular and humoral immune response to protect against SARS-CoV-2 infection.However,it was unknown whether SARS-CoV-2 vaccination can induce effective natural killer(NK)cell response in people living with human immunodeficiency virus(PLWH)and healthy individuals.Methods:Forty-seven PLWH and thirty healthy controls(HCs)inoculated with SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine were enrolled from Beijing Youan Hospital in this study.The effect of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine on NK cell frequency,phenotype,and function in PLWH and HCs was evaluated by flow cytometry,and the response of NK cells to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Spike(SARS-2-OS)protein stimulation was also evaluated.Results:SARS-CoV-2 vaccine inoculation elicited activation and degranulation of NK cells in PLWH,which peaked at 2 weeks and then decreased to a minimum at 12 weeks after the third dose of vaccine.However,in vitro stimulation of the corresponding peripheral blood monocular cells from PLWH with SARS-2-OS protein did not upregulate the expression of the aforementioned markers.Additionally,the frequencies of NK cells expressing the activation markers CD25 and CD69 in PLWH were significantly lower than those in HCs at 0,4 and 12 weeks,but the percentage of CD16^(+)NK cells in PLWH was significantly higher than that in HCs at 2,4 and 12 weeks after the third dose of vaccine.Interestingly,the frequency of CD16^(+)NK cells was significantly negatively correlated with the proportion of CD107a^(+)NK cells in PLWH at each time point after the third dose.Similarly,this phenomenon was also observed in HCs at 0,2,and 4 weeks after the third dose.Finally,regardless of whether NK cells were stimulated with SARS-2-OS or not,we did not observe any differences in the expression of NK cell degranulation markers between PLWH and HCs.Conclusions:SARS-CoV-2 vaccine elicited activation and degranulation of NK cells,indicating that the inoculation of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine enhances NK cell immune response.