Exercise-induced adaptation of neurons in the vertebrate locomotor system

作     者：Yue Dai Yi Cheng Renkai Ge Ke Chen Liming Yang Yue Dai;Yi Cheng;Renkai Ge;Ke Chen;Liming Yang

作者机构：Key Lab of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of EducationCollege of Physical Education and Health CareEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information ProcessingSchool of Communication and Electronic EngineeringEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China School of Physical Education and Health CareEast China Jiaotong UniversityNanchang 330013China Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies of Ministry of EducationSchool of Computer SciencePeking UniversityBeijing 100871China 

出 版 物：《Journal of Sport and Health Science》 (运动与健康科学（英文）)

年 卷 期：2024年第13卷第2期

页      面：160-171页

核心收录：

学科分类：0403[教育学-体育学] 040302[教育学-运动人体科学(可授教育学、理学、医学学位)] 04[教育学] 1202[管理学-工商管理] 

基　　金：supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)to YD(32171129) from China Postdoctoral Science Foundation to YC(2023M731112) from NSFC to RG(32260216)。 

主　　题：Dendritic plasticity Excitability Exercise Ion channel modulation Neuron adaptation 

摘      要：Vertebrate neurons are highly dynamic cells that undergo several alterations in their functioning and physiologies in adaptation to various external stimuli.In particular,how these neurons respond to physical exercise has long been an area of active research.Studies of the vertebrate locomotor system’s adaptability suggest multiple mechanisms are involved in the regulation of neuronal activity and properties during exercise.In this brief review,we highlight recent results and insights from the field with a focus on the following mechanisms:(a)alterations in neuronal excitability during acute exercise;(b)alterations in neuronal excitability after chronic exercise;(c)exercise-induced changes in neuronal membrane properties via modulation of ion channel activity;(d)exercise-enhanced dendritic plasticity;and(e)exercise-induced alterations in neuronal gene expression and protein synthesis.Our hope is to update the community with a cellular and molecular understanding of the recent mechanisms underlying the adaptability of the vertebrate locomotor system in response to both acute and chronic physical exercise.