Genetic resources and precise gene editing for targeted improvement of barley abiotic stress tolerance

作     者：Sakura KARUNARATHNE Esther WALKER Darshan SHARMA Chengdao LI Yong HAN Sakura KARUNARATHNE;Esther WALKER;Darshan SHARMA;Chengdao LI;Yong HAN

作者机构：Western Crop Genetics AllianceCollege of ScienceHealthEngineering and EducationMurdoch UniversityMurdochWA6150Australia Department of Primary Industries and Regional DevelopmentSouth PerthWA6151Australia 

出 版 物：《Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)》 (浙江大学学报（英文版）B辑（生物医学与生物技术）)

年 卷 期：2023年第24卷第12期

页      面：1069-1092页

核心收录：

学科分类：0710[理学-生物学] 1001[医学-基础医学(可授医学、理学学位)] 09[农学] 0901[农学-作物学] 0836[工学-生物工程] 

基　　金：supported by the Open Access funding enabled and organized by CAUL and its Member Institutions 

主　　题：Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR) Gene function Drought Genetic improvement Transcription regulation Breeding 

摘      要：Abiotic stresses, predominately drought, heat, salinity, cold, and waterlogging, adversely affect cereal crops. They limit barley production worldwide and cause huge economic losses. In barley, functional genes under various stresses have been identified over the years and genetic improvement to stress tolerance has taken a new turn with the introduction of modern geneediting platforms. In particular, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9(Cas9) is a robust and versatile tool for precise mutation creation and trait improvement. In this review, we highlight the stress-affected regions and the corresponding economic losses among the main barley producers. We collate about 150 key genes associated with stress tolerance and combine them into a single physical map for potential breeding practices. We also overview the applications of precise base editing, prime editing, and multiplexing technologies for targeted trait modification, and discuss current challenges including high-throughput mutant genotyping and genotype dependency in genetic transformation to promote commercial breeding. The listed genes counteract key stresses such as drought, salinity, and nutrient deficiency, and the potential application of the respective gene-editing technologies will provide insight into barley improvement for climate resilience.