Source of atmospheric moisture and precipitation over China＇s major river basins

作     者：Tongtiegang ZHAO Jianshi ZHAO Hongchang HU Guangheng NI 

作者机构：State Key Laboratory of Hydro-Science and Engineering Department of Hydraulic Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China 

出 版 物：《Frontiers of Earth Science》 (地球科学前沿（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2016年第10卷第1期

页      面：159-170页

核心收录：

学科分类：081504[工学-水利水电工程] 07[理学] 070601[理学-气象学] 08[工学] 0815[工学-水利工程] 0706[理学-大气科学] 

基　　金：The authors would like to thank Dr. Ruud van der Ent for helping to set up the water accounting model  and Prof. Glenn Patterson  Mr. Ragai Wanis and Dr. Junmei Lv for the helpful comments to improve the paper. The research has been financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51409145 and 51179085) and the National Basic Research Program of China (Nos. 2011BAC09B07 and 2013BAB05B03) 

主　　题：oceanic evaporation terrestrial evaporation,moisture Wansport East Asian Monsoon westerly wind,Tibetan Plateau 

摘      要：Oceanic evaporation via the East Asian Monsoon （EAM） has been regarded as the major source of precipitation over China, but a recent study estimated that terrestrial evaporation might contribute up to 80% of the precipitation in the country. To explain the contra- diction, this study presents a comprehensive analysis of the contribution of oceanic and terrestrial evaporation to atmospheric moisture and precipitation in China＇s major river basins. The results show that from 1980 to 2010, the mean annual atmospheric moisture （precipitable water） over China was 13.7 mm, 39% of which originates from oceanic evaporation and 61% from terrestrial evaporation. The mean annual precipitation was 737 mm, 43% of which originates from oceanic evaporation and 57% from terrestrial evaporation. Oceanic evaporation makes a greater contribution to atmospheric moisture and precipitation in the East Asian Monsoon Region in South and East China than terrestrial evaporation does. Particularly, for the Pearl River and southeastern rivers, oceanic evaporation contributes approximately 65% of annual precipitation and more than 70% of summer precipitation. Meanwhile, terrestrial evaporation contributes more precipitation in northwest China due to the westerly wind. For the northwestern rivers, terrestrial evaporation from the Eurasian continents contributes more than 70% of precipitation. There is a linear relation between mean annual precipitation and the contribution of oceanic evaporation to precipitation, with a correlation coefficient of 0.92, among the ten major river basins in China.