Origin and evolution of the main starch biosynthetic enzymes

作     者：Hong Chang Jie Bai Hejian Zhang Rong Huang Huanyu Chu Qian Wang Hao Liu Jian Cheng Huifeng Jiang 

作者机构：College of BiotechnologyTianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin300457China Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon ManufacturingTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesTianjin300308China National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic BiologyTianjin300308China 

出 版 物：《Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology》 (合成和系统生物技术（英文）)

年 卷 期：2023年第8卷第3期

页      面：462-468页

核心收录：

学科分类：07[理学] 070305[理学-高分子化学与物理] 0703[理学-化学] 0836[工学-生物工程] 

基　　金：the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFC2103500) the Tianjin Synthetic Biotechnology Innovation Capacity Improvement Project(No.TSBICIP-KJGG-009-02 and No.TSBICIP-CXRC-003). 

主　　题：Origin Evolution Starch biosynthesis Starch synthase Starch branching enzyme Isoamylase-type debranching enzyme 

摘      要：Starch,a semi-crystalline energy storage form primarily found in plant plastids plays a crucial role in various food or no-food applications.Despite the starch biosynthetic pathway’s main enzymes have been characterized,their origin and evolution remained a subject of debate.In this study,we conducted the comprehensive phylogenetic and structural analysis of three types of starch biosynthetic enzymes:starch synthase(SS),starch branching enzyme(SBE)and isoamylase-type debranching enzyme(ISA)from 51,151 annotated genomes.Our findings provide valuable insights into the possible scenario for the origin and evolution of the starch biosynthetic pathway.Initially,the ancestor of SBE can be traced back to an unidentified bacterium that existed before the formation of the last eukaryotic common ancestor(LECA)via horizontal gene transfer(HGT).This transfer event likely provided the eukaryote ancestor with the ability to synthesize glycogen.Furthermore,during the emergence of Archaeplastida,one clade of SS was transferred from Deltaproteobacteria by HGT,while ISA and the other clade of SS originated from Chlamydiae through endosymbiosis gene transfer(EGT).Both these transfer events collectively contributed to the establishment of the original starch biosynthetic pathway.Subsequently,after the divergence of Viridiplantae from Rhodophyta,all three enzymes underwent multiple duplications and N-terminus extension domain modifications,resulting in the formation of functionally specialized isoforms and ultimately leading to the complete starch biosynthetic pathway.By shedding light on the evolutionary origins of key enzymes involved in the starch biosynthetic pathway,this study provides important insights into the evolutionary events of plants.