Opportunities and challenges of incretin-based hypoglycemic agents treating type 2 diabetes mellitus from the perspective of physiological disposition

作     者：Yaochen Xie Qian Zhou Qiaojun He Xiaoyi Wang Jincheng Wang Yaochen Xie;Qian Zhou;Qiaojun He;Xiaoyi Wang;Jincheng Wang

作者机构：Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and ResearchZhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug ResearchCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310007China Department of PharmacyHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhou 310053China Department of Nephrologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou Teachers Collegethe First People's Hospital of HuzhouHangzhou 313000China 

出 版 物：《药学学报:英文版》 (Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B)

年 卷 期：2023年第13卷第6期

页      面：2383-2402页

核心收录：

学科分类：1007[医学-药学(可授医学、理学学位)] 1002[医学-临床医学] 10[医学] 

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82003873 and 81903708) the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China (No. 2020M681899) the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 2021QNA7019)。 

主　　题：T2DM Incretins-based hypoglycemic agents GLP-1 receptor agonists DPP-4 inhibitors Physiological disposition Metabolism Excretion Drug drug interactions 

摘      要：The treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus, which is characterized by defective insulin secretion and/or the inability of tissues to respond to insulin, has been studied for decades. Many studies have focused on the use of incretin-based hypoglycemic agents in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). These drugs are classified as GLP-1 receptor agonists, which mimic the function of GLP-1,and DPP-4 inhibitors, which avoid GLP-1 degradation. Many incretin-based hypoglycemic agents have been approved and are widely used, and their physiological disposition and structural characteristics are crucial in the discovery of more effective drugs and provide guidance for clinical treatment of T2DM.Here, we summarize the functional mechanisms and other information of the drugs that are currently approved or under research for T2DM treatment. In addition, their physiological disposition, including metabolism, excretion, and potential drug drug interactions, is thoroughly reviewed. We also discuss similarities and differences in metabolism and excretion between GLP-1 receptor agonists and DPP-4 inhibitors. This review may facilitate clinical decision making based on patients physical conditions and the avoidance of drug drug interactions. Moreover, the identification and development of novel drugs with appropriate physiological dispositions might be inspired.