Spatial niche segregation between bird species in the Bia?owieza primeval forest(NE Poland)

作     者：Oliwia Karpińska Katarzyna Kamionka-Kanclerska Patryk Czortek Marcin K.Dyderski Dorota Czeszczewik Oliwia Karpińska;Katarzyna Kamionka-Kanclerska;Patryk Czortek;Marcin K.Dyderski;Dorota Czeszczewik

作者机构：Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and HumanitiesFaculty of Exact and Natural SciencesInstitute of Biological Sciences  2. Biatowieza Geobotanical StationFaculty of BiologyUniversity of Warsaw Institute of DendrologyPolish Academy of Sciences 

出 版 物：《Forest Ecosystems》 (森林生态系统(英文))

年 卷 期：2023年第10卷第4期

页      面：483-493页

核心收录：

学科分类：09[农学] 0903[农学-农业资源与环境] 

基　　金：supported by the University of Natural Sciences and Humanities in Siedlce and the Institute of Dendrology,Polish Academy of Science support from the Foundation for Polish Science (FNP) from the START scholarship 

摘      要：Drivers of bird niche separation in temperate primeval forests have not yet been determined,due to the low number of intact forest ***,we analyzed the general patterns of niche usage on trees by birds’ *** tested how tree species affect the sharing of space in an assemblage of birds and their level of *** conducted our study in the Bialowieza primeval forest(NE Poland).During two breeding seasons,we observed bird positions on trees,divided into three vertical and six horizontal zones in 768 observation *** on the interaction networks framework we calculated the Kullback-Leibler distance d’ as a metric of species specialization and the resource range RR index,which estimates the species’ specificity based on the fraction of space utilized with a non-zero *** d’ index was the highest in the lower understory for all parts of the tree on the basis of the position from the *** RR index was the highest in the lower understory for all parts based on the position from the *** the tree species,the lowest d’ index was observed in all tree species together,and hornbeam,whereas the highest in *** the tree species level,the RR index was the lowest for *** show tree species importance in forest space sharing in the case of bird ***,alder,and spruce are universal species that were used by birds almost *** contrast,oak,lime,and maple were only partially *** species with less complex structures could shape bird assemblages,as they could offer birds much fewer niches to ***,we showed that high specialization and niche separation are drivers of high bird *** maintaining a diverse stand structure is crucial for biodiversity conservation.