Numerical study on the optimal power distribution of server racks in a data center

作     者：MengXuan Song Kai Chen MengXuan Song;Kai Chen

作者机构：School of Energy and MaterialsShanghai Key Laboratory of Engineering Materials Application and EvaluationShanghai Polytechnic UniversityShanghai201209China Shanghai Thermophysical Properties Big Data Professional Technical Service PlatformShanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Thermal Functional MaterialsShanghai201209China Key Laboratory of Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy Conservation of the Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China 

出 版 物：《Building Simulation》 (建筑模拟（英文）)

年 卷 期：2023年第16卷第6期

页      面：983-995页

核心收录：

学科分类：1205[管理学-图书情报与档案管理] 08[工学] 0701[理学-数学] 0812[工学-计算机科学与技术（可授工学、理学学位）] 

基　　金：supported by the Project of Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission (No.22DZ2291100) the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51976062) the Opening Project of the Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer Enhancement and Energy Conservation of Education Ministry (South China University of Technology,No.202000105). 

主　　题：data center numerical simulation temperature rising matrix power distribution optimization 

摘      要：Data centers,as the infrastructure of all information services,cost tremendous amount of energy.Reducing the hot spot temperature in the data center room is benefit to prevent overheating of devices,and to increase cooling system efficiency.In this paper,we study the problem of optimal power distribution among racks for minimal hot spot temperature.The temperature rise matrix(TRM)model is used for the purpose of fast estimation of the thermal environment.The accuracy of the model is evaluated by conducting numerical simulations of computational fluid dynamics(CFD).Using the TRM model,optimal distributing of heating power is converted into a linear programming problem,which can be solved by highly efficient algorithms,such as Simplex.Furthermore,with realistic constraints including rack idle power and power upper limit,an iteration method is proposed to calculate the optimal power distribution along with the optimal on/off states of the racks.Obtained solutions are discussed and validated by comparing with CFD simulations.Results show that the TRM model is acceptable in evaluating temperature rises in the forced-convection-dominated scenarios,and the proposed method is able to obtain optimal power distributions under various levels of total power demand.