Large-scale characteristics of thermokarst lakes across the source area of the Yellow River on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

作     者：LIU Wen-hui ZHOU Guang-hao LIU Hai-rui LI Qing-peng XIE Chang-wei LI Qing ZHAO Jian-yun ZHANG Qi LIU Wen-hui;ZHOU Guang-hao;LIU Hai-rui;LI Qing-peng;XIE Chang-wei;LI Qing;ZHAO Jian-yun;ZHANG Qi

作者机构：State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and AgricultureQinghai UniversityXining 810016China Department of Geological EngineeringQinghai UniversityXining 810016China College of Eco-Environmental EngineeringQinghai UniversityXining 810016China Cryosphere Research Station on the Qinghai-Tibet PlateauState Key Laboratory of Cryosphere SciencesNorthwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 73ooooChina 

出 版 物：《Journal of Mountain Science》 (山地科学学报（英文）)

年 卷 期：2023年第20卷第6期

页      面：1589-1604页

核心收录：

学科分类：08[工学] 081501[工学-水文学及水资源] 0815[工学-水利工程] 

基　　金：supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Qinghai Province,China(No.2021-ZJ940Q) the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture,Qinghai University(No.2022-ZZ-02) 

主　　题：Thermokarst lake Spatial characteristic Influencing factor Source area of the Yellow River 

摘      要：As significant evidence of permafrost degradation,thermokarst lakes play an important role in the permafrost regions by regulating hydrology,ecology,and *** the Sources Area of the Yellow River(SAYR),permafrost degradation has accelerated since the 1980s,and numerous thermokarst lakes have been *** this paper,we use Sentinel-2 images to extract thermokarst lake boundaries and perform a regional-scale study on their geometry across the permafrost region in the *** also explored the spatiotemporal variations and potential drivers from the perspectives of the permafrost,climate,terrain and vegetation *** results showed that there were 47,518 thermokarst lakes in 2021 with a total area of 190.22×106 m^(2),with an average size of 4,003.3 m^(2).The 44,928 ponds(≤10,000 m^(2))predominated the whole lake number(94.1%)but contributed to a small portion of the total lake area(28.8%).With 2,590 features(5.9%),small-sized(10,000 to 100,000 m^(2))and large-sized lakes(100,000 m^(2))constituted up to 71.2%of the total lake *** lakes developed more significantly in warm permafrost regions than in cold permafrost areas;74.1%of lakes with a total area of 119.6×106 m^(2)(62.9%),were distributed in warm permafrost *** thermokarst lakes were likely to develop within the elevation range of 4,500~4,800 m,on flat terrain(slope10°),on SE and S aspects and in alpine meadow *** thermokarst lakes in the study region experienced significant shrinkage between 1990 and 2021,characterized by obvious lake drainage;the lake numbers decreased by 5418(56.1%),with a decreasing area of 58.63×106 m^(2)(49.0%).This shrinkage of the thermokarst lake area was attributable mainly to the intensified degradation of rich-ice permafrost thawing arising from continued climate warming,despite the wetting climatic trend.