Potential Anticancer Effect of Bioactive Extract of Monk Fruit (Siraitia grosvenori) on Human Prostate and Bladder Cancer Cells
Potential Anticancer Effect of Bioactive Extract of Monk Fruit (Siraitia grosvenori) on Human Prostate and Bladder Cancer Cells作者机构：Department of Urology New York Medical College Valhalla USA
出 版 物：《Journal of Cancer Therapy》 (癌症治疗（英文）)
年 卷 期：2023年第14卷第5期
页 面：211-224页
学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 100214[医学-肿瘤学] 10[医学]
主 题：Monk Fruit Mogroside Anticancer Prostate Cancer Bladder Cancer Lakanto
摘 要：Prostate and bladder cancers are the two prevalent urological cancers, and several therapeutic options are currently available but the outcomes have not been satisfactory. To find the better therapeutic option, we investigated if the bioactive extracts of monk fruit, mogrosides, with potential anticancer activity might have anticancer effect against prostate and bladder cancer cells. Four of commercial products made of mogrosides known as Lakantoò (LKT) products, LK1, LK2, LLE, and MOG, were then tested. A dose-dependent study at given concentrations of four products showed that LK1 and LK2 had little effects, while LLE and MOG showed a significant cell viability reduction in both PC-3 and T24 cells. To explore the anticancer mechanism of such products, cell cycle analysis was first performed. Such analysis revealed that LLE and MOG, not LK1 and LK2, led to a G1 cell cycle arrest. Potential induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was next examined because it is known to be linked to a cell cycle arrest. The three key regulators involved in ER stress were all up-regulated with LLE or MOG, indicating induction of ER stress. As ER stress is also known to induce apoptosis, this possibility was tested. The two apoptotic regulators were modulated in a specific manner with LLE or MOG, indicating induction of apoptosis. Lastly, to validate anticancer effect of LLE or MOG, anticancer effect of four chemotherapeutic drugs was also assessed in comparison with that of LLE/MOG. None of drugs had any effects but two products showed significant anticancer effect. In conclusion, two monk fruit products, LLE and MOG, demonstrated anticancer activity against PC-3 and T24 cells, significantly reducing cell viability and ultimately inducing apoptosis. Therefore, these two LKT products with few side effects may have clinical implications in the treatment of urological cancers.
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