Application of synthetic biology in bladder cancer

作     者：Mengting Ding Jiaxing Lin Caipeng Qin Ping Wei Jiahe Tian Tianxin Lin Tao Xu Mengting Ding;Jiaxing Lin;Caipeng Qin;Ping Wei;Jiahe Tian;Tianxin Lin;Tao Xu

作者机构：Department of UrologyPeking University People’s HospitalBeijing 100044China Center for Cell and Gene Circuit DesignCAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering BiologyShenzhen Institute of Synthetic BiologyShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518055China Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089USA Department of UrologySun Yat-sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 528403China 

出 版 物：《Chinese Medical Journal》 (中华医学杂志（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2022年第135卷第18期

页      面：2178-2187页

核心收录：

学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 100214[医学-肿瘤学] 10[医学] 

基　　金：supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFA0902802). 

主　　题：Bladder cancer Synthetic biology Gene circuits T cell immunotherapy Nanomaterials 

摘      要：Bladder cancer(BC)is the most common malignant tumor of the genitourinary system.The age of individuals diagnosed with BC tends to decrease in recent years.A variety of standard therapeutic options are available for the clinical management of BC,but limitations exist.It is difficult to surgically eliminate small lesions,while radiation and chemotherapy damage normal tissues,leading to severe side effects.Therefore,new approaches are required to improve the efficacy and specificity of BC treatment.Synthetic biology is a field emerging in the last decade that refers to biological elements,devices,and materials that are artificially synthesized according to users’needs.In this review,we discuss how to utilize genetic elements to regulate BC-related gene expression periodically and quantitatively to inhibit the initiation and progression of BC.In addition,the design and construction of gene circuits to distinguish cancer cells from normal cells to kill the former but spare the latter are elaborated.Then,we introduce the development of genetically modified T cells for targeted attacks on BC.Finally,synthetic nanomaterials specializing in detecting and killing BC cells are detailed.This review aims to describe the innovative details of the clinical diagnosis and treatment of BC from the perspective of synthetic biology.