PM_(2.5)-bound polyhalogenated carbazoles(PHCZs)in urban Beijing,China:Occurrence and the source implication

作     者：Peijie Zuo Chu Wang Zengwei Li Dawei Lu Hao Xian Huili Lu Yin Dong Ruiqiang Yang Yingming Li Zhiguo Pei Qinghua Zhang Peijie Zuo;Chu Wang;Zengwei Li;Dawei Lu;Hao Xian;Huili Lu;Yin Dong;Ruiqiang Yang;Yingming Li;Zhiguo Pei;Qinghua Zhang

作者机构：State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and EcotoxicologyResearch Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China The People’s Hospital of YuhuanYuhuan 317600China School of EnvironmentHangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China 

出 版 物：《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 (环境科学学报（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2023年第131卷第9期

页      面：59-67页

核心收录：

学科分类：07[理学] 070602[理学-大气物理学与大气环境] 0706[理学-大气科学] 

基　　金：supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2018YFA0901104 and 2019YFE0111100) the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.91743206) the Special Project of Eco-Environmental Technology for Peak Carbon Dioxide Emissions and Carbon Neutrality(No.RCEES-TDZ-2021-23) 

主　　题：Polyhalogenated carbazoles PM_(2.5) GC-MS/MS Combustion source 

摘      要：Polyhalogenated carbazoles(PHCZs)are recently raising much attention due to their toxicity and ubiquitous environmental ***,little knowledge is known about their ambient occurrences and the potential *** this study,we developed an analytical method based on GC-MS/MS to simultaneously determine 11 PHCZs in PM_(2.5) from urban Beijing,*** optimized method provided low method limit of quantifications(MLOQs,1.45–7.39 fg/m^(3))and satisfied recoveries(73.4%–109.5%).This method was applied to analyze the PHCZs in the outdoor PM_(2.5)(n=46)and fly ash(n=6)collected from 3 kinds of surrounding incinerator plants(steel plant,medical waste incinerator and domestic waste incinerator).The levels of Σ_(11)PHCZs in PM_(2.5) ranged from 0.117 to 5.54 pg/m^(3)(median 1.18 pg/m^(3)).3-chloro-9H-carbazole(3-CCZ),3-bromo-9H-carbazole(3-BCZ),and 3,6-dichloro-9Hcarbazole(36-CCZ)were the dominant compounds,accounting for 93%.3-CCZ and 3-BCZ were significantly higher in winter due to the high PM_(2.5) concentration,while 36-CCZ was higher in spring,which may be related to the resuspending of surface ***,the levels of11PHCZs in fly ash ranged from 338 to 6101 pg/g.3-CCZ,3-BCZ and 36-CCZ accounted for 86.0%.The congener profiles of PHCZs between fly ash and PM_(2.5) were highly similar,indicating that combustion process could be an important source of ambient *** the best of our knowledge,this is the first research providing the occurrences of PHCZs in outdoor PM_(2.5).