Effects of a phase transition on two-pion interferometry in heavy ion collisions at √SNN=2.4-7.7 GeV

作     者：Pengcheng Li Jan Steinheimer Tom Reichert Apiwit Kittiratpattana Marcus Bleicher Qingfeng Li 

作者机构：Institut fur Theoretische PhysikJohann Wolfgang Goethe Universitat FrankfurtFrankfurt am Main 60438Germany School of ScienceHuzhou UniversityHuzhou 313000China School of Nuclear Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Frankfurt Institute for Advanced StudiesFrankfurt am Main 60438Germany GSI Helmholtzzentrum f¨urSchwerionenforschung GmbHDarmstadt 64291Germany Helmholtz Research Academy Hesse for FAIR(HFHF)GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion PhysicsCampus FrankfurtFrankfurt am Main 60438Germany Center of Excellence in High Energy Physics&AstrophysicsSchool of PhysicsSuranaree University of TechnologyNakhon Ratchasima 30000Thailand 

出 版 物：《Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)》 (中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2023年第66卷第3期

页      面：88-97页

核心收录：

学科分类：08[工学] 0827[工学-核科学与技术] 082701[工学-核能科学与工程] 

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11875125,and 12075085) financial support from China Scholarship Council(Grant No.202106180053) Samson AG for funding 

主　　题：heavy ion collisions HBT correlation equation of state 

摘      要：Hanbury-Brown-Twiss(HBT) correlations for charged pions in central Au+Au collisions at √SNN=2.4-7.7 GeV(corresponding to beam kinetic energies in the fixed target frame from Elab=1.23 to 30 GeV/nucleon) are calculated using the ultra-relativistic quantum molecular dynamics model with different equations of state(EoSs).The effects of a phase transition at high baryon densities are clearly observed in the explored HBT *** results show that the available data on the HBT radii,RO/RSand R^(2)_(O)-R^(2)_(S),in the investigated energy region favor a relatively stiff EoS at low beam energies,which then turns into a soft EoS at high collision energies consistent with astrophysical constraints on the high-density EoS of quantum chromodynamics(QCD).The specific effects of two different phase transition scenarios on RO/RSand R^(2)_(O)-R^(2)_(S)are investigated.A phase transition with a significant softening of the EoS below four times the nuclear saturation density can be excluded using HBT *** results highlight that the pion’s RO/RSand R^(2)_(O)-R^(2)_(S)are sensitive to the stiffness of the EoS and can be used to constrain and understand the QCD EoS in a high baryon density region.