Pronounced temporal changes in soil microbial community and nitrogen transformation caused by benzalkonium chloride

作     者：Rui Yang Shaohong Zhou Lilan Zhang Cunli Qin Rui Yang;Shaohong Zhou;Lilan Zhang;Cunli Qin

作者机构：State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and ControlChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-EnvironmentMinistry of EducationChongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China 

出 版 物：《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 (环境科学学报（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2023年第126卷第4期

页      面：827-835页

核心收录：

学科分类：082803[工学-农业生物环境与能源工程] 07[理学] 08[工学] 0828[工学-农业工程] 0713[理学-生态学] 

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 42177363) the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2019YFC1805502) the Open Project of National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Shale Gas Exploration and Development (No. YYQKTKFGJDFLHGCYJZX-201904) the Innovation Support Program for Chongqing Overseas Returnees (2017) 

主　　题：Benzalkonium chloride Soil Degradation kinetics Microbial community structure Nitrogen cycling 

摘      要：As one typical cationic disinfectant, quaternary ammonium compounds(QACs) were approved for surface disinfection in the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and then unintentionally or intentionally released into the surrounding environment. Concerningly, it is still unclear how the soil microbial community succession happens and the nitrogen(N)cycling processes alter when exposed to QACs. In this study, one common QAC(benzalkonium chloride(BAC) was selected as the target contaminant, and its effects on the temporal changes in soil microbial community structure and nitrogen transformation processes were determined by q PCR and 16S r RNA sequencing-based methods. The results showed that the aerobic microbial degradation of BAC in the two different soils followed first-order kinetics with a half-life(4.92 vs. 17.33 days) highly dependent on the properties of the soil. BAC activated the abundance of N fixation gene(nif H) and nitrification genes(AOA and AOB) in the soil and inhibited that of denitrification gene(nar G). BAC exposure resulted in the decrease of the alpha diversity of soil microbial community and the enrichment of Crenarchaeota and Proteobacteria. This study demonstrates that BAC degradation is accompanied by changes in soil microbial community structure and N transformation capacity.