Shedding light in otolaryngology: A brief history on the surgical tools of visualization and access

作     者：E.Berryhill McCarty Ariel Frost E. Berryhill McCarty;Ariel Frost

作者机构：Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head andNeck SurgeryHospital of theUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA 

出 版 物：《World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery》 (世界耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志（英文）)

年 卷 期：2022年第8卷第3期

页      面：245-248页

学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 100213[医学-耳鼻咽喉科学] 10[医学] 

基　　金：None 

主　　题：Access history of medicine illumination otolaryngology surgical tools visualization 

摘      要：Visualization and access. Historically, these have been the two major factors that have limited advancement in the field of Otolaryngology. No other surgical specialty deals with anatomical challenges quite like those presented by the structures of the head and neck. Otolaryngology is a field of dark cavities, complex and miniscule structures, and awkward angles. The aim of this article is to briefly explore how Otolaryngologists have historically met these challenges, with a specific focus on technological advancements in illumination, visualization, and access. From mirrors reflecting candlelight to fiberoptic illuminated scopes, from bamboo nasal speculums to Transoral Robotic Surgery (TORS), tracing the historical arc of these technologies highlights the innovative spirit that has come to define the field of Otolaryngology.