Exploring Majorana zero modes in iron-based superconductors

作     者：李更 朱诗雨 范朋 曹路 高鸿钧 Geng Li;Shiyu Zhu;Peng Fan;Lu Cao;Hong-Jun Gao

作者机构：Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physical SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Songshan Lake Materials LaboratoryDongguan 523808China 

出 版 物：《Chinese Physics B》 (中国物理B（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2022年第31卷第8期

页      面：1-13页

核心收录：

学科分类：07[理学] 070205[理学-凝聚态物理] 0702[理学-物理学] 

基　　金：supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant No. 2019YFA0308500) the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant Nos. XDB28000000 and YSBR-003) 

主　　题：Majorana zero mode iron-based superconductors topological surface states scanning tunneling microscopy 

摘      要：Majorana zero modes(MZMs) are Majorana-fermion-like quasiparticles existing in crystals or hybrid platforms with topologically non-trivial electronic structures. They obey non-Abelian braiding statistics and are considered promising to realize topological quantum computing. Discovery of MZM in the vortices of the iron-based superconductors(IBSs)has recently fueled the Majorana research in a way which not only removes the material barrier requiring construction of complicated hybrid artificial structures, but also enables observation of pure MZMs under higher temperatures. So far,MZMs have been observed in iron-based superconductors including FeTe_(0.55)Se_(0.45),(Li_(0.84)Fe_(0.16))OHFe Se, Ca KFe_(4)As_(4),and Li Fe As. In this topical review, we present an overview of the recent STM studies on the MZMs in IBSs. We start with the observation of MZMs in the vortices in FeTe_(0.55)Se_(0.45)and discuss the pros and cons of FeTe_(0.55)Se_(0.45) compared with other platforms. We then review the following up discovery of MZMs in vortices of Ca KFe_(4)As_(4), impurity-assisted vortices of Li Fe As, and quantum anomalous vortices in FeTe_(0.55)Se_(0.45), illustrating the pathway of the developments of MZM research in IBSs. Finally, we give perspective on future experimental works in this field.