Repeated Failure in Reward Pursuit Alters Innate Drosophila Larval Behaviors

作     者：Yue Fei Dikai Zhu Yixuan Sun Caixia Gong Shenyang Huang Zhefeng Gong 

作者机构：School of Life Sciences Zhejiang University Department of Neurobiology Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China Key Laboratory of Neurobiology Zhejiang University School of Medicine Trinity College of Arts and Sciences Duke University 

出 版 物：《Neuroscience Bulletin》 (神经科学通报（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2018年第34卷第6期

页      面：901-911页

核心收录：

学科分类：0710[理学-生物学] 1002[医学-临床医学] 1001[医学-基础医学(可授医学、理学学位)] 10[医学] 

基　　金：supported by National Basic Research Development Program of China (973 Program, 2013CB945603) the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31070944, 31271147, 31471063, 31671074) the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (LR13C090001) the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China (No. 2017FZA7003) 

主　　题：Drosophila larva Repeated failure in reward pursuit Octopamine 

摘      要：Animals always seek rewards and the related neural basis has been well studied. However, what happens when animals fail to get a reward is largely unknown,although this is commonly seen in behaviors such as predation. Here, we set up a behavioral model of repeated failure in reward pursuit(RFRP) in Drosophila larvae. In this model, the larvae were repeatedly prevented from reaching attractants such as yeast and butyl acetate, before finally abandoning further attempts. After giving up, they usually showed a decreased locomotor speed and impaired performance in light avoidance and sugar preference,which were named as phenotypes of RFRP states. In larvae that had developed RFRP phenotypes, the octopamine concentration was greatly elevated, while tbh mutants devoid of octopamine were less likely to develop RFRP phenotypes, and octopamine feeding efficiently restored such defects. By down-regulating tbh in different groups of neurons and imaging neuronal activity, neurons that regulated the development of RFRP states and the behavioral exhibition of RFRP phenotypes were mapped to a small subgroup of non-glutamatergic and glutamatergic octopaminergic neurons in the central larval brain. Our results establish a model for investigating the effect of depriving an expected reward in Drosophila and provide a simplified framework for the associated neural basis.