Ethylenediurea(EDU)spray effects on willows(Salix sachalinensis F.Schmid)grown in ambient or ozone-enriched air:implications for renewable biomass production

作     者：Evgenios Agathokleous Mitsutoshi Kitao Cong Shi Noboru Masui Shahenda Abu-ElEla Kyohsuke Hikino Fuyuki Satoh Takayoshi Koike Evgenios Agathokleous;Mitsutoshi Kitao;Cong Shi;Noboru Masui;Shahenda Abu?ElEla;Kyohsuke Hikino;Fuyuki Satoh;Takayoshi Koike

作者机构：Department of EcologySchool of Applied MeteorologyNanjing University of Information Science and Technology(NUIST)Nanjing 210044People’s Republic of China School of AgricultureHokkaido UniversitySapporoHokkaido 060-8589Japan Hokkaido Research CenterForestry and Forest Products Research Institute(FFPRI)Sapporo 062-8516Japan School of Environmental Science and EngineeringTiangong UniversityTianjin 300387People’s Republic of China Department of EntomologyFaculty of ScienceCairo UniversityGiza 12613Egypt TUM School of Life SciencesTechnical University of Munich(TUM)Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz Platz 285354 FreisingGermany Field Science Center for Northern BiosphereHokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-0809Japan Research Center for Eco-Environmental ScienceChinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100085People’s Republic of China 

出 版 物：《Journal of Forestry Research》 (林业研究（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2022年第33卷第2期

页      面：397-422页

核心收录：

学科分类：0907[农学-林学] 07[理学] 070602[理学-大气物理学与大气环境] 0706[理学-大气科学] 0713[理学-生态学] 

基　　金：supported by grant#201802 of the Japan’s Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute(FFPRI) KAKENHI grant#JP17F17102 of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(JSPS) Evgenios Agathokleous was an International Research Fellow(ID No:P17102) the JSPS,and JSPS is a non-profit,independent administrative institution E.A acknowl-edges multi-year support from The Startup Foundation for Introducing Talent of Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology(NUIST),Nanjing,China(Grant No.003080). 

主　　题：Air pollution Ethylenediurea(EDU) Hormesis Plant protection Tropospheric ozone(O_(3)) 

摘      要：Ground-level ozone(O_(3)) is a widespread air pollutant causing extensive injuries in plants.However,its effects on perennial energy crops remain poorly under-stood due to technical difficulties in cultivating fast-growing shrubs for biomass production under O_(3) treatment on the field.Here we present the results of a two-year evaluation in the framework of which willow(Salix sachalinensis F.Schmid)shrubs were exposed to ambient(AOZ)or elevated(EOZ)O_(3) in two successive growing seasons(2014,2015)and treated with 0(EDU0)or 400 mg L^(−1)(EDU400)eth-ylenediurea spray in the second growing season.In 2014,EOZ altered the chemical composition of both top young and fallen leaves,and a novel mechanism of decreasing Mg in fallen leaves while highly enriching it in young top leaves was revealed in shrubs exposed to EOZ.In 2015,EDU400 alleviated EOZ-induced decreases in leaf fresh mass to dry mass ratio(FM/DM)and leaf mass per area(LMA).While EDU400 protected against EOZ-induced suppression of the maximum rate at which leaves can fix carbon(A_(max))in O_(3)-asymptomatic leaves,it did not alle-viate EOZ-induced suppression of the maximum rates of carboxylation(VCmax)and electron transport(J_(max))and chlorophylls a,b,and a+b in the same type of leaves.In O_(3)-symptomatic leaves,however,EDU400 alleviated EOZ-induced suppression of chlorophylls a and a+b,indicating different mode of action of EDU between O_(3)-asymptomatic and O_(3)-symptomatic leaves.Extensive herbivory occurred only in AOZ-exposed plants,leading to suppressed biomass production,while EOZ also led to a similar suppression of biomass production(EDU0×EOZ vs.EDU400×EOZ).In 2016,carry-over effects were also evaluated following cropping and transplantation into new ambient plots.Effects of EOZ in the preceding growing seasons extended to the third growing season in the form of suppressed ratoon biomass production,indicating carry-over effect of EOZ.Although EDU400 protected against EOZ-induced suppression of biomass production when applied in 2015,there was no carry-over effect of EDU in the absence of EDU treatment in 2016.The results of this study provide novel mechanistic understandings of O_(3)and EDU modes of action and can enlighten cultivation of willow as energy crop.