Experiences of implementing a coping mechanism for the elderly who face chronic diseases while living with the family: a phenomenology study

作     者：Bahtiar Bahtiar Junaiti Sahar Wiwin Wiarsih Bahtiar Bahtiar;Junaiti Sahar;Wiwin Wiarsih

作者机构：Department of Nursing ScienceFaculty of MedicineMulawarman UniversitySamarinda 75123Indonesia Department of Community Health NursingFaculty of NursingUniversitas IndonesiaDepok 16424Indonesia 

出 版 物：《Frontiers of Nursing》 (护理前沿（英文）)

年 卷 期：2022年第9卷第1期

页      面：87-93页

学科分类：1004[医学-公共卫生与预防医学(可授医学、理学学位)] 100401[医学-流行病与卫生统计学] 10[医学] 

基　　金：the Indonesia Endowment Fund for Education (LPDP) 

主　　题：chronic diseases coping mechanism elderly family caregiver Indonesia 

摘      要：Objective: Physical and psychological stress causes harm to the health status of the elderly with chronic diseases. This study aimed to understand coping mechanisms of the elderly with chronic conditions who live with their family. Methods: This study was conducted using a descriptive phenomenology method from the experience of 13 older adults with chronic disease. The study processes were interviewed, tape recorded, transcribed, and explored from the transcripts using Colaizzi’s descriptive phenomenological method. The steps of the descriptive phenomenology process are bracketing, intuiting, analyzing, and describing. Results: The coping mechanisms used by the elderly with chronic diseases are (1) the behavioral focus coping ways by doing sports, and physical activities;(2) Focus on spirituality has been implemented by fasting, chanting, dhikr, and prayer;(3) The cognitive focus by working on hobbies or habitual activities and helping each other;(4) The social interaction focus was by interacting with friends, family, and neighbors. Conclusions: This shows that elderly adults with disease conditions try to adapt various forms of coping mechanisms, which positively affects their psychological state. Families which have elderly with chronic diseases are expected to provide nurturing and psychological support to them so that the elderly can consistently apply coping mechanisms to overcome and tackle chronic diseases. Understanding the coping mechanism implementation of the elderly who have chronic diseases by their family can guide health specialists in designing psychological and spiritual approach interventions.