Comparing the impacts of mature spruce forests and grasslands on snow melt,water resource recharge,and run-off in the northern boreal environment
作者机构：Watershed Authority of the Elbe RiverVíta Nejedlého 951/8CZ-50003 Hradec KrálovéCzech Republic Department of HydrologyCzech Technical University in PragueThákurova 7CZ-16629 Prague 6Czech Republic Natural Resources Institute FinlandNatural Resources and BioproductionPO Box 413FI-90014 University of OuluFinland
出 版 物：《International Soil and Water Conservation Research》 (国际水土保持研究（英文）)
年 卷 期：2015年第3卷第1期
页 面：50-56页
学科分类：09[农学] 0903[农学-农业资源与环境] 090301[农学-土壤学]
基 金：supported by the Muhos Research Unit of the Finnish Forest Research Institute(Reijo Seppänen organized the field snow survey) the Oulu University(Pertti Vuolteenaho and Leo Koutaniemi developed the treeweighting equipment) by the Czech Technical University in Prague(SGS 14/128/OHK1/2T/11)
主 题：Spruce boreal forest Snow-depth Snow-water content Canopy interception Snowmelt Degree-day factor BROOK 90 Runoff distribution
摘 要：Snow-melt runoff is an important factor in control of flooding and soil erosion in higher and cold regions of the *** 1992-2008-2008,processes of snow accumulation and melting were monitored at two adjacent sites of the Paljakka environmental research centre(Finland).The forest stand of mature spruce(Picea abies)has been compared with adjacent,local,and open *** the forest,snowpack duration fluctuated for 180-245 days,with a maximum depth of 78-152 cm and snow-water content of 167-406 mm,while in the open grassland this occurred for some 20 days less,with maximum depth 65-122 cm,and snow-water content 143-288 *** snow-water captured in the canopy reached a maximum 27%of that registered on the ground;the loss of intercepted snow by sublimation was approximately 26% of the annual *** the high melt period(April-May),the degree-day factor in the forest stand achieved 60%of values observed in the grassland(2.3-3.5 against 3.8-6.0 mm℃^(-1)day^(-1)).The hydrological model BROOK 90 was employed to analyse potential water resources recharge,and flood risk at *** the normal climate season,snow-melt runoff from the forest exceeded the grassland by 22%(225 against 185 mm).In extreme situations,the maximum daily runoff from snow-melt in the grasslands(57 mm day^(-1))exceeded 2.6 times the values in spruce forest(22 mm day^(-1)).
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