A Framework for Assessing Import Costs of Medical Supplies and Results for a Tuberculosis Program in Karakalpakstan,Uzbekistan

作     者：Stefan Kohler Norman Sitali Nicolas Paul 

作者机构：Heidelberg Institute of Global HealthFaculty of Medicine and University HospitalHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany Médecins Sans FrontièresBerlinGermany Institute of Social MedicineEpidemiology and Health EconomicsCharité–Universitätsmedizin Berlincorporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany 

出 版 物：《Health Data Science》 (健康数据科学（英文）)

年 卷 期：2021年第2021卷第1期

页      面：120-132页

学科分类：02[经济学] 0202[经济学-应用经济学] 020206[经济学-国际贸易学] 

基　　金：Médecins Sans Frontières  MSF 

主　　题：imported items cargo 

摘      要：*** of medical supplies is common,but limited knowledge about import costs and their structure introduces uncertainty to budget planning,cost management,and cost-effectiveness analysis of health *** aimed to estimate the import costs of a tuberculosis(TB)program in Uzbekistan,including the import costs of specific imported *** developed a framework that applies costing and cost accounting to import ***,transport costs,customs-related costs,cargo weight,unit weights,and quantities ordered were gathered for a major shipment of medical supplies from the Médecins Sans Frontières(MSF)Procurement Unit in Amsterdam,the Netherlands,to a TB program in Karakalpakstan,Uzbekistan,in ***,air freight,land freight,and customs clearance cost totals were ***,total import costs were allocated to different cargos(standard,cool,and frozen),items(e.g.,TB drugs),and units(e.g.,one tablet)based on imported weight and *** sources were order invoices,waybills,the local MSF logistics department,and an MSF standard product *** shipment contained 1.8 million units of 85 medical items of standard,cool,and frozen *** average import cost for the TB program was 9.0%of the shipment *** cost varied substantially between cargos(8.9–28%of the cargo value)and items(interquartile range 4.5–35%of the item value).The largest portion of the total import cost was caused by transport(82–99%of the cargo import cost)and allocated based on imported ***(14%)of the 69 items imported as standard cargo were associated with 85%of the standard cargo import *** cargo items could be grouped based on contributing to import costs predominantly through unit weight(e.g.,fluids),imported quantity(e.g.,tablets),or the combination of unit weight and imported quantity(e.g.,items in powder form).*** cost of importing medical supplies to a TB program in Karakalpakstan,Uzbekistan,was sizable,variable,an